目的 研究湖北产牛至Origanum vulgare药材不同提取部位所得挥发油的化学成分。方法 采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取牛至药材不同部位(花和叶、茎、根)的挥发油, 并用GC-MS法对其化学成分进行分析与鉴定, 通过峰面积归一化法得出各成分在组分中的相对质量分数。结果 牛至花和叶中鉴定出37个化合物, 占挥发油总量的98.78%;牛至茎中鉴定出11个化合物, 占挥发油总量的99.51%, 牛至根中鉴定出29个化合物, 占挥发油总量的98.97%, 3种不同提取部位所得挥发油共鉴定出化合物59个, 其中18个为在牛至挥发油成分中首次报道。结论 牛至药材的根、茎中除含有花、叶部位相同的抗菌成分外, 还含有大量脂肪酸类化合物, 该类物质具有较强的抗氧化作用, 同样具有一定的药用价值。

Objective To study the chemical constituents in volatile oil extracted from different parts of Origanum vulgare growing in Hubei province. Methods Steam distillation method was used to extract volatile oil from different parts (flowers, leaves, stems, and roots) of O. vulgare, and the chemical constituents was analyzed and identified by GC-MS. The relative content of each chemical component was determined by peak area normalization method. Results Thirty-seven compounds were identified in the volatile oil from the flowers and leaves, accounting for 98.78% of the total volatile oil, 11 compounds in the oil from the stems, accounting for 99.51% of the total, and 29 compounds in the oil from the roots, accounting for 98.97% of the total. Altogether, 59 compounds were identified in the volatile oil extracted from three different parts, 18 of them were reported for the first time. Conclusion The roots and stems of O. vulgare contain not only the similar antibacterial ingredients existing in the flowers and leaves, but also large amounts of fatty acids, which have strong anti-oxidant effects, and can not be ignored completely because of their medicinal value.

国家自然科学基金项目(81173565, 81360630);江西省自然科学基金项目(20142BAB205083);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ13609)