目的 研究红花Carthamus tinctorius的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和pre-HPLC等多种色谱技术进行分离纯化, 运用MS、NMR等波谱学方法以及结合文献数据鉴定化合物结构。结果 从红花乙醇提取物中分离得到20个化合物, 分别鉴定为山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、野黄芩素(2)、正二十六烷酸(3)、(2S)-1-O- heptatriacontanoyl glycerol(4)、4,4-二甲基庚二酸(5)、5,7,4'-三羟基-6-甲氧基黄酮-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(6)、n-tetratriacont- 20,23-dienoic acid(7)、香草酸(8)、没食子酸(9)、tetrephthalic acid mono-[2-(4-carboxy-phenoxycarbonyl)-vinyl] ester(10)、七叶亭(11)、6-羟基芹菜素-6-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(12)、槲皮素-3,7-二-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(13)、6-甲氧基山柰酚(14)、紫丁香苷(15)、反式-1-(4'-羟基苯基)-丁-1-烯-3-酮(16)、熊果酸(17)、1-hexadecanoyl propan-2,3-diol(18)、柠黄醇(19)、东莨菪内酯(20)。结论 化合物1、5、7、10、18、19为首次从红花属植物中分离得到, 化合物2～4、6、8、9、11、17、20为首次从红花中分离得到。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of Carthamus tinctorius. Methods Compounds were isolated by a combination of various column chromatography over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and pre-HPLC and their structures were identified by spectral analytical methods of MS and NMR and/or comparison with literature data. Results Twenty compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of C. tinctorius. Their structures were identified as kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucoside (1), scutellarein (2), hexacosanoic acid (3), (2S)-1-O-heptatriacontanoyl glycerol (4), 4,4-dimethyl heptanedioic (5), 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6- methoxyflavone-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (6), n-tetratriacont-20,23-dienoic acid (7), vanillic acid (8), gallic acid (9), tetrephthalic acid mono-[2-(4-carboxy-phenoxycarbonyl)-vinyl] ester (10), esculetin (11), 6-hydroxyapigenin-6-O-β-D-glucoside-7-O-β-D-glucuronide (12), quercetin-3,7-di-O-β-D-glucoside (13), 6-methoxykaempferol (14), syringing (15), E-1-(4'-hydroxypheny)-but-1-en-3-one (16), ursolic acid (17), 1-hexadecanoyl propan-2,3-diol (18), citrostadienol (19), and scopoletin (20). Conclusion Compounds 1, 5, 7, 10, 18, and 19 are isolated from the plants of Carthamus L. for the first time, and compounds 2—4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 17, and 20 are obtained from C. tinctorius for the first time.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(81274058);国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAI51B01)