目的 研究椴树科椴树属植物紫椴Tilia amurensis Rupr. 干燥花序的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱及制备HPLC等方法进行分离，采用理化分析及NMR、MS等波谱学方法鉴定化合物结构。结果 从紫椴花70%乙醇提取物醋酸乙酯部位分离得到14个化合物，分别鉴定为蒙花苷(1)、异槲皮苷(2)、槲皮素(3)、紫云英苷(4)、银椴苷(5)、5, 7, 4'-三羟基-3'-甲氧基异黄酮(6)、香豌豆酚(7)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(8)、木栓酮(9)、β-谷甾醇(10)、原儿茶酸(11)、茶碱(12)、咖啡因(13)、棕榈醇(14)。结论 化合物1～5、7、8、10～12为首次从该植物中分离得到，化合物7为首次从椴树属植物中分离得到。

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the inflorescences of Tilia amurensis. Methods The chemical constituents were separated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS column chromatographies, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were determined by physicochemical properties and spectral data. Results Fourteen compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of 70% ethanol extract in the inflorescences of T. amurensis, and identified as linarin (1), soquercitrin (2), quercetin (3), astragalin (4), tiliroside (5), 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxy isoflavone (6), orobol (7), quercetin-3-O-α-L- arabinopyranoside (8), friedelin (9), β-sitosterol (10), protocatechuic acid (11), theophylline (12), caffeine (13), and palm alcohol (14). Conclusion Compounds 1—5, 7, 8, and 10—12 are isolated from this plant for the first time, and compound 7 is found in the plants of Tilia Linn. for the first time.

哈尔滨市科技创新人才基金（2013RFXXJ027）；黑龙江中医药大学优秀创新人才支持计划项目（2012RCQ15）