目的 测定鞭杆芪、直根芪、二叉芪和鸡爪芪4种生态型黄芪中黄芪甲苷及黄酮类成分的量，分析生态型与质量之间的相关性。方法 采用超高效液相色谱（UPLC）法测定黄芪中黄酮类及黄芪甲苷量。对所测数据进行主成分分析（PCA）和聚类分析（CA）。结果 4种生态型黄芪的黄酮类成分及黄芪甲苷量高低顺序为鞭杆芪>直根芪>二叉芪>鸡爪芪；PCA分析结果表明4种生态型黄芪彼此可以很好地区分；CA结果显示直根芪与鞭杆芪聚为一支，表明直根芪与鞭杆芪质量相近，较好；而二叉芪与鸡爪芪聚为一支表明两者质量相近，较差。结论 4种生态型黄芪的质量优劣顺序鞭杆芪>直根芪>二叉芪>鸡爪芪，黄芪的质量与生态型紧密相关。

Objective To determine the contents of astragaloside and flavonoids in four ecotypes of A. membranaceus, which are whip pole type, taproot type, binary type, and chicken feet type, and analyze the correlation between ecotypes and quality. Methods The contents of astragaloside and flavonoids in A. membranaceus were determined by UPLC, and the measured data were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). Results The order of contents of astragaloside and flavonoids in A. membranaceus was whip pole type > taproot type > binary type > chicken feet type; PCA revealed that four ecotypes of ecotypes A. membranaceus could be separated significantly; CA showed that each ecotype of A. membranaceus could be clustered into one class perfectly. Conclusion The quality of A. membranaceus is closely associated with ecotypes. The quality merits of the order of four ecotypes of A. membranaceus is whip pole type > taproot type > binary type > chicken feet type.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81274013）；国家自然科学基金重点项目（81130069）；国家重大科技专项创制新药（2011ZX09307-002-01）