目的 研究二岐马先蒿Pedicularis dichotoma全草的苯丙素类化学成分及其抗疲劳活性。方法 运用硅胶、反相、凝胶Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱手段进行分离纯化，根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构；通过小鼠游泳训练模型评价抗疲劳活性。结果 从二岐马先蒿全草95%乙醇提取物的正丁醇萃取部位分离得到12个苯丙素类化合物，分别鉴定为毛蕊花苷（1）、异毛蕊花苷（2）、米团花苷A（3）、紫地黄苷D（4）、角胡麻苷（5）、异角胡麻苷（6）、顺-角胡麻苷（7）、citrusin C（8）、robustaside B（9）、darendoside B（10）、无刺枣苄苷I（11）、红景天苷（12）。其中，化合物1能显著延长小鼠游泳时间。结论 化合物1～12均为首次从该植物中分离得到，其中化合物11为首次从马先蒿属植物中分离得到。苯丙素类化合物具有明显的抗疲劳活性。

Objective To study the phenylpropanoid constituents from the whole plants of Pedicularis dichotoma and the anti-fatigue activities in vivo. Methods The n-BuOH fraction of 95% ethanol extract from P. dichotoma was separated and purified by silica gel, re-phase and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The structures of the compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and various spectroscopic methods. The compounds were tested on anti-fatigue activity using mice in swimming model. Results Twelve phenylpropanoid compounds were isolated and purified. Their structures were identified as verbascoside (1), isoverbascoside (2), leucoseptoside A (3), jionoside D (4), martynoside (5), isomartynoside (6), cis-martynoside (7), citrusin C (8), robustaside B (9), darendoside B (10), zizybeoside I (11), and salidroside (12). Verbascoside could obviously prolong the swimming time of mice. Conclusion Compounds 1—12 are obtained from the plant for the first time, and compound 11 is reported from the plants of Pedicularis Linn. for the first time. Phenylpropanoids show obvious anti-fatigue activities.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（31260084）；江西省教育厅科技项目（GJJ11539）