目的 研究杜仲Eucommia ulmoides雄花的黄酮类化学成分，并进行抗氧化活性筛选。方法 运用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和ODS等各种色谱技术进行分离纯化，根据理化性质和谱学数据鉴定化合物结构，并运用DPPH自由基和H₂O₂诱导PC12细胞凋亡实验测定其抗氧化活性。结果 从杜仲雄花95%乙醇提取物中共分离得到10个黄酮类化合物，分别鉴定为柚皮素（1）、槲皮素（2）、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖基 (1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（3）、异槲皮苷（4）、江户樱花苷（5）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基 (1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（6）、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-(6″-O-乙酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）、芦丁（8）、异鼠李素- 3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（9）、紫云英苷（10）。结论 化合物1、5、6、9为首次从杜仲雄花中分离得到；活性测试结果表明化合物2～4、6、8具有较强的抗氧化活性，能明显抑制H₂O₂诱导PC12细胞凋亡。

Objective To isolate the chemical constituents from the male flowers of Eucommia ulmoides and to determine their antioxidantive activities. Methods Ten flavonoids were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH20, and ODS column chromatographies. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic analyses. The anti-oxidantive activities were evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging assay and apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by H₂O₂. Results Ten compounds were isolated from the male flowers of E. ulmoides and identified as naringenin (1), quercetin (2), quercetin-3-O-α-L-glucopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), isoquercitrin (4), prunin (5), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), kaempferol-3-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D- glucopyranoside (7), rutin (8), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), and astragalin (10). Conclusion Compounds 1, 5, 6, and 9 are isolated from the male flowers of E. ulmoides for the first time. Compounds 2—4, 6, and 8 are found to have the potent anti-oxidative activity on DPPH scavenging and inhibit the apoptosis on the PC12 cells.

基金项目：国家公益性行业专项基金（201004029）