目的 研究野生余甘子Phyllanthus emblica树皮的化学成分。方法 利用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20等方法分离纯化，并结合其理化性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结果 从余甘子树皮的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到16个化合物，分别鉴定为羽扇豆醇（1）、豆甾醇（2）、β-胡萝卜苷（3）、β-谷甾醇（4）、白桦脂醇（5）、没食子酸乙酯（6）、没食子酸甲酯（7）、3, 4, 3′-三氧甲基鞣花酸（8）、羽扇豆烷-20(29)-烯-3β, 16β-二醇（9）、3-甲氧基鞣花酸-4′-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷（10）、没食子酸（11）、吡喃酮 [3, 2-b] 吡喃-2, 6-二酮（12）、没食子儿茶素（13）、表没食子儿茶素（14）、3, 3′-二甲氧基鞣花酸-4′-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷（15）、3, 4, 3′-三甲氧基鞣花酸-4′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（16）。结论 化合物12为一新天然产物，化合物9、15为首次从该属植物中分离得到，化合物2、5、8、10、16为首次从该植物中分离得到。

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the barks of wild Phyllanthus emblica. Methods The compounds were isolated by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and so on. The structures were identified by spectral data and chemical methods. Results Sixteen compounds were isolated in the 95% ethanol extract from the barks of wild P. emblica and their structures were identified as lupeol (1), stigmasterol (2), daucosterol (3), β-sitosterol (4), betulin (5), ethyl gallate (6), methyl gallate (7), 3, 4, 3′-O-trimethylellagic acid (8), lup-20(29)-ene-3β, 16β-diol (9), 3-O-methylellagic acid-4′-O-α-L-rhamnoside (10), gallic acid (11), pyrano [3, 2-b] pyran-2, 6-dione (12), gallocatechin (13), epigallocatechin (14), 3, 3′-O-dimethylellagic acid-4′-O-α-L-rhamnoside (15), and 3, 3′, 4-O-trimethylellagic acid-4′-O-β-D-glucoside (16). Conclusion Compound 12 is a new natural product. Compounds 9 and 15 are isolated from the plants of Phyllanthus L. for the first time. Compound 2, 5, 8, 10, and 16 are isolated from P. emblica for the first time.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（21310104）；广东省自然科学基金项目（32210018）