目的 对4种不同树种来源的桑黄菌株进行分离、鉴定，并对次生代谢物进行分析。方法 将分离纯化的菌株采用光学显微镜观察其菌丝形态特征，利用ITS序列分析技术对其进行分子鉴定，采用比色法分析次生代谢物量。结果 从松树桑黄、桑树桑黄、暴马丁香树桑黄、杨树桑黄分离的菌株，其菌丝体形态特征相同，呈有隔分支，而菌落的生长速率和外观颜色不同，其中杨树桑黄的生长速率最快，达0.47 cm/d。进一步通过ITS序列分析发现，松树桑黄菌株为松木层孔菌Phellinus pini，桑树桑黄菌株为裂蹄木层孔菌Phellinus linteus，暴马丁香桑黄菌株和杨树桑黄菌株为鲍氏木层孔菌Phellinus baumii。对多糖、黄酮、多酚和三萜物质的分析发现，子实体和菌丝体中均含有这些次生代谢物，但其量与菌株来源有关。暴马丁香树来源的子实体中多糖量最高，为98.20 mg/g；杨树来源的子实体中黄酮、三萜、多酚量最高，分别为548.49、1.48、33.70 mg/g。菌丝体中多糖、黄酮、多酚和三萜物质产量累积最高的菌株来源于桑树，分别为259.64、223.11、43.78、24.80 mg/L；同时发现，菌丝体中的三萜量高于子实体，其中桑树菌丝体中的三萜量是子实体的7倍左右。结论 4株桑黄菊菌株菌丝体形态基本无差异，rDNA ITS序列分析技术可以鉴定桑黄菌株；4株桑黄菌丝和子实体中次生代谢物量存在差异。

Objective To isolate and identify the strains from wild Phellinus linteus and analyze its secondary metabolites. Methods Strains isolated and purified were investigated by optical microscope to observe the characteristics of mycelia, ITS sequence was used for molecular identification and its secondary metabolite content was analyzed by chemical colorimetry. Results The morphological characteristics of mycelia from pinus, Morus alba, Syringa reticulata, and populus were the same. The growth rate of four flamentous colonies and their colors were different, wherein the growth rate of the colony from M. alba was the fastest, up to 0.47 cm/d. Four strains all belonged to genus Phellinus sp, where strain from pinus was identified as P. pini, M. alba was P. linteus, S. reticulata and populus were P. baumii. The species of the secondary metabolites in the sporocarp and mycelia of Phellinus were the same, but the content was different. For the sporocarp, the highest polysaccharide content was in the sporocarp from S. reticulata with the content of 98.20 mg/g, the highest flavonoids, terpenoids, and polyphenols contents were all in the sporocarp from poplar with the contents of 548.49, 1.48, and 33.70 mg/g, respectively. For mycelia, the highest polysaccharide, flavonoids, terpenoids, and polyphenols contents were all in the mycelia of M. alba, the contents were 259.64, 223.11, 43.78, and 24.80 mg/L, respectively. Additionally, the content of terpenoids in the mycelia was higher than that of the sporocarp. Among them, the content of terpenoids in the mycelia from M. alba was about 7 times as that in fruit body. Conclusion There are no differerences amony form of mycelia from four strains of P. linteus. rDNA ITS sequence analysis could be used for the identification of strains. The species four Phellinus strains and its secondary metabolite content are clarified.

东北林业大学本科生创新性实验项目（201210225108）；黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目（12513037）