目的 研究注射用银杏叶提取物中黄酮苷类化学成分。方法 利用硅胶、大孔树脂、MCI、ODS、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱及反相制备液相色谱等技术对银杏叶提取物中黄酮苷类成分进行分离纯化，根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果 分离得到16个化合物，分别鉴定为5, 7-二羟基-4′-甲氧基黄酮醇-3-O-芸香糖苷（1）、槲皮素-3-O-(2″, 6″-α-L-二鼠李糖)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（2）、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖-2″-(6′′′-对香豆酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（3）、异鼠李素-3-O-(2″, 6″-α-L-二鼠李糖)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（4）、芦丁（5）、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（6）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）、槲皮素-3-O-(2″-β-D-葡萄糖)-α-L-鼠李糖苷（8）、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷（9）、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷（10）、异鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷（11）、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（12）、丁香亭-3-O-芸香糖苷（13）、山柰酚-3-O-(2″-β-D-葡萄糖)-α-L-鼠李糖苷（14）、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖-2″-(6′′′-对香豆酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（15）、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖-2″-(6′′′-对香豆酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（16）。结论 经UPLC-PDA分析检测，所有化合物均为黄酮苷类成分，且在银杏叶提取物及注射液样品中全部标定定位，其中化合物1为新化合物，命名为黄酮醇苷K。

Objective To study the chemical constituents of flavonoid glycosides in the extract from Ginkgo biloba leaves used for injection. Methods The constituents of flavonoid glycosides in the 70% ethanol extract from G. biloba leaves were isolated and purified by chromatography over silica gel, MCI, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 columns and RP-HPLC. The structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data analyses. Results Sixteen compounds were isolated and identified as 5, 7- dihydroxyl-4′-methoxylflavonol-3-O-rutinoside (1), quercetin-3-O-(2″, 6″-α-L-dirhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucoside (2), quercetin- 3-O-[2″-(6′′′-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-β-D-glucoside (3), isorhamnetin-3-O-(2″, 6″-α-L- dirhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucoside (4), rutin (5), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (6), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (7), quercetin- 3-O-(2″-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-α-L-rhamnoside (8), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (9), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (10), isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (11), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (12), syringetin-3-O-rutinoside (13), kaempferol-3-O-(2″- β-D-glucopyranosyl)-α-L-rhamnoside (14), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-2″-(6′′′-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucoside (15), and kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-2″-(6′′′-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucoside (16). Conclusion UPLC-PDA shows that all the compounds are flavonoid glycosides in the leaves of G. biloba and are marked in the extract and injection. Compound 1 is isolated from this plant for the first time, named flavonol glycoside K.

北京市科技计划“研发攻关类”专题（Z07000200540712）