目的 研究蚕蛹油对链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病大鼠血糖及糖代谢相关酶的影响。方法 SD大鼠以STZ诱导糖尿病模型，大鼠按血糖随机分成6组：模型组，蚕蛹油低、中、高剂量（4.5、6.0、7.5 mL/kg）组，二甲双胍（90 mg/kg）阳性对照组和亚麻籽油（6.0 mL/kg）阳性对照组，另设对照组。各给药组每天ig给药1次，连续4周，对照组和模型组ig生理盐水。每天测大鼠饮食量和饮水量1次，每周末测大鼠体质量和血糖水平，4周后检测大鼠肝脏中己糖激酶（HK）、丙酮酸激酶（PK）以及小肠黏膜中的麦芽糖酶、蔗糖酶、淀粉酶的活性，并进行淀粉耐量检测。结果 蚕蛹油各给药组糖尿病大鼠血糖水平呈下降趋势，并呈剂量相关性，HK、PK、麦芽糖酶、蔗糖酶、淀粉酶活性与模型组相比均具有显著差异（P＜0.05），且大鼠血糖水平与HK、PK、麦芽糖酶、蔗糖酶、淀粉酶活性的相关性显著（P＜0.000 1）。淀粉耐量检测显示，蚕蛹油各给药组大鼠血糖峰值和曲线下面积显著下降（P＜0.05）。结论 蚕蛹油剂量相关地抑制STZ诱导的大鼠血糖升高，抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性，提高HK、PK活性可能是其降血糖作用机制之一。

Objective To research the effects of chrysalis oil on blood glucose and glycometabolism-related enzymes in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Methods Diabetic rat model was established with STZ. All the experimental SD rats were randomly divided into seven groups: control group, model group, low-, medium-, and high-doses (4.5, 6.0, and 7.5 mL/kg) of chrysalis oil groups, metformin (MET, 90 mg/kg) and flaxseed oil (6.0 mL/kg) positive control groups. The rats in chrysalis oil groups were ig administrated once daily and continuously for four weeks, while those in control and model groups were ig administrated with physiological saline. Food and water intake was monitored once everyday, blood glucose and body weight were tested at each weekend. After four weeks, the activities of hexokinase (HK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) in liver, as well as those of maltase, sucrase, and amylase in intestinal mucosa of rats were observed, and the starch tolerance test was carried out. Results The blood glucose of rats in chrysalis oil groups had a downward trend related with different doses. The activities of HK and PK in liver as well as those of maltase, sucrase, and amylase in intestinal mucosa of rats in all the chrysalis oil groups were significantly different to those in the model group (P < 0.05), and the blood glucose was significantly correlated with the activities of HK and PK in liver as well as those of maltase, sucrase, and amylase in intestinal mucosa of rats (P < 0.000 1). In the starch tolerance test, the PBG and AUC of rats in all the chrysalis oil groups had a significant decrease (P < 0.05). Conclusion Chrysalis oil could inhibit the blood glucose increase of rats induced by STZ in a dose-effect relationship, and one of the mechanisms may be that it could restrain the activity of α-glucosidase and increase the activities of HK and PK.

杭州市科技局资助项目（2006831H05）