目的对苍耳Xanthium sibiricum地上部分的化学成分进行分离和鉴定。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、制备薄层色谱、MCI凝胶色谱和Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等方法对其化学成分进行分离纯化,应用现代波谱技术ESI-MS、¹H-NMR、¹³C-NMR对化合物的结构进行鉴定。结果从苍耳中分离得到了7个倍半萜类化合物,分别为苍耳农(1)、苍耳亭(2)、3-cycloheptene-1-acetic acid(3)、xanthinosin(4)、inusoniolide(5)、5-azuleneacetic acid(6)、2-hydroxy xanthinosin(7)。结论化合物1为新化合物,命名为苍耳农,化合物3、6、7为首次从苍耳植物中分离得到,化合物5为首次从苍耳属植物中分离得到,其中化合物2的量较丰富(0.1%),为开发新型植物源杀菌剂奠定了基础。

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the aerial part of Xanthium sibiricum. Methods Compounds were isolated by repeated silica gel, preparative TLC, MCI, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Their structures were identified by their spectroscopic data. Results Seven compounds of susquiterpene were isolated and identified as xanthnon (1), xanthatin (2),3-cycloheptene-1-acetic acid (3), xanthinosin (4), inusoniolide (5), 5-azuleneacetic acid (6), and 2-hydroxy xanthinosin (7),respectively. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound named xanthnon, componds 3, 6, and 7 are obtained from this plant for the first time, and compound 5 is yielded from the plants in Xanthium L. for the first time. Among them, compound 1 accounts for 0.1% of the acrial part of X. sibiricum and has the potential to be exploited as a novel bactericide.

甘肃省农业生物技术研究与应用开发项目(GNSW-2004-08);甘肃省教育厅基金项目(032-06)