目的 对木香的饮片和新鲜药材进行DNA片段的比对分析，为木香的鉴定提供研究思路。方法 选取木香饮片和新鲜药材，利用CTAB法提取其基因组总DNA，再进行PCR扩增筛选随机引物，找出能同时扩增饮片及新鲜药材基因组总DNA的随机引物，对饮片及新鲜药材基因组总DNA扩增产生的一致性条带进行克隆，得到阳性菌落，经转化子鉴定后测序。对所测序列进行生物信息学分析和同源性比较。结果 木香饮片与新鲜药材长度均为794 bp的克隆片段序列相似度达99.75%，长度为1 116 bp的克隆片段的核苷酸水平比对及氨基酸水平比对的相似度均为100%。结论 采用分子生物学手段能对木香饮片和新鲜药材进行鉴定。

Objective To compare with the DNA fragments of the processed pieces and fresh roots of Saussurea lappa and provide reference for identification. Methods Processed pieces and fresh roots of S. lappa were selected to extract the total DNA using CTAB method and PCR amplification was used to screen the random primers which could simultaneouly amplify total DNA of both the two materials. To clone the consensus bands acquired by amplifing the genomic total DNA of processed pieces and fresh roots of S. lappa and select the positive colony for sequencing after transformation and homological analysis by the biological information sciences. Results Sequences similar degree of processed pieces and fresh roots of S. lappa were 99.75% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion The molecular biology is an effective method to identify the processed pieces and fresh roots of S. lappa.

国家中医药管理局归国留学人员择优资助项目（2006 LHR 19）；湖南省中药学重点学科资助项目