目的 研究秦艽Gentiana macrophylla地上和地下生物量与其根际微生物群落结构关系。方法 采用平板培养法测定秦艽根际微生物群落组成。结果 人工栽培秦艽根际细菌、氨化细菌和固氮菌数量均显著高于野生种类；野生和人工栽培秦艽根际细菌、氨化细菌和固氮菌数量在高海拔样点最高；人工栽培秦艽地上和地下生物量均显著高于野生种类；秦艽生物量与根际细菌、氨化细菌和固氮菌数量呈正相关。结论 秦艽人工栽培应充分满足其生态要求，尽量在秦艽适宜生长的高海拔低温山区栽培；合理供给氮肥，接种合适的菌肥并增加其土壤微生物总数量可提高秦艽的产量。

Objective To study the relationship between the biomass in ground and underground parts of Gentiana macrophylla and its rhizosphere microbial community structure. Methods The composition of rhizosphere microorganism of G. macrophylla was measured with plate counting method. Results The number of rhizosphere bacteria, ammonifying bacteria, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria of cultivated G. macrophylla is significantly higher than that of wild species; The number of rhizosphere bacteria, ammonifying bacteria, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria of wild and cultivated G. macrophylla samples was the highest at high altitude; The biomass in ground and underground parts of cultivated G. macrophylla was significantly higher than that of wild species; The number of rhizosphere bacteria, ammonifying bacteria, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria with the biomass of G. macrophylla assumed the remarkable positive correlation. Conclusion The artificial cultivation and management should fully meet the requirements of ecological conditions of G. macrophylla, as far as possible in the suitable mountainous area of high altitude and low temperature; To improve its production we should pay attention to a reasonable supply of nitrogen, right vaccination of bacterial fertilizer, and increasing the total amount of soil microorganisms. The above measures have positive effects on the growth and yield of G. macrophylla.

陕西省科技攻关计划项目（2010K17-02）