目的 分析不同产区吴茱萸的遗传多样性。方法 应用 SRAP 技术对吴茱萸的遗传背景进行研究，试剂盒提取吴茱萸幼嫩叶片基因组DNA，构建SRAP 试验体系，筛选引物并对35份样品进行遗传背景的研究，用NTSYS-pc 2.1 软件对SRAP扩增结果进行聚类分析。结果 从100对SRAP 引物中优选10对用于吴茱萸遗传背景的研究，其中两对引物可有效鉴别吴茱萸品种，分别为Me4＋Em1和Me9＋Em10。10对引物共扩增得到清晰条带188条，其中共有条带43条，多态性条带145条，多态性比率为77.1%。聚类结果显示在相关系数为0.52时，吴茱萸与密果吴萸分居两群；在相似系数为0.62时，共分为3大类群。吴茱萸中的石虎变种比吴茱萸原变种的遗传差异更显著；石虎品种呈现出较强的地缘相关性，特别是受海拔因素影响明显。结论 吴茱萸遗传背景差异明显，SRAP分析可有效鉴别不同品种的吴茱萸，并检测到地区间的差异。

Objective To research the genetic diversity of Euodiae Fructus from different habitats. Methods Molecular markers of SRAP was used to investigate the genetic background of Euodiae Fructus, and the genomic DNA in the young leaves of Euodiae Fructus was extracted by DNA extraction Kit and then the SRAP reaction system was established. We selected SRAP primers and did SRAP analysis on 35 individuals of Euodiae Fructus. The NTSYS-pc 2.1 software was used to do cluster analysis. Results Optimizing ten out of the original 100 pairs of primers to select the genetic background; Among them two pairs of primers Me4 + Em1 and Me9 + Em10 were detected to efficiently discriminate the primers of Euodiae Fructus. The whole ten pairs of primers produced 188 clear bands, among which there were 43 common bands and 145 polymorphic bands, and the PPB was 77.1%. The cluster analysis revealed Euodia compacta and E. rutaecarpa var. officinalis were separated into two populations when the cluster was in correlation coefficent of 0.52, and into three big populations when the coefficient up to 0.62. SRAP analysis revealed that genetic differences in E. rutaecarpa var. officinalis were more significant than those in E. rutaecarpa with a stronger geo-related relevance, especially at different altitudes. Conclusion Differences of genetic background of Euodiae Fructus are obvious, SRAP analysis method can be used to identify the different species of Euodiae Fructus and detect the genetic characteristics of inter-regional differences.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（30973877）；“十一五”国家科技支撑计划课题（2006BAI09B02）；湖南省科学技术厅科技项目（2011FJ3104）；湖南省高校科技创新团队资助项目（湘教通[2010]212号）