目的 以红心菊及新白菊为母本,野菊Chrysanthemum indicum及菊花脑Chrysanthemum nankingense为父本,设计4种杂交组合进行杂交并鉴定种间杂种,以了解药用菊花主要性状遗传规律。方法 采用蕾期授粉进行药用菊花种间杂交,通过形态学、细胞学手段及RAPD分子标记技术对药用菊花种间杂种进行鉴定。结果 杂种外观性状介于亲本之间,有的出现了亲本不具备的性状特征。RAPD分子标记结果表明,杂种表现出父本特异带或双亲均不具备的新谱带。杂种染色体数目为亲本平均值。结论 蕾期授粉法进行种间杂交可产生种子,红心菊及新白菊基因杂合度高,杂种表现出性状分离,染色体多为非整倍体。

Objective Interspecific hybridization was made between Chrysanthemum morifolium `Hongxinju',C. morifolium `Xinbaiju'and C. indicum, C. nankingense, and F₁ hybrids were identificated in order to discover inheritance of main characters in Chrysanthemum morifolium. Methods Interspecific hybridization of C. morifolium were made by bud pollination. Morphological, cytological, and RAPD analyses were used for the identification of interspecific hybrids. Results The hybrids showed interspecific morphological traits of their parents or unique morphological traits their parents did not possess. RAPD Results indicated that the hybrids produced specific bands of male parent or new bands absent in both parents. Chromosome number of F₁ hybrids was the average of their parents. Conclusion Bud pollination could improve heterozggosity of interspecific hybridization of C. morifolium `Hongxinju' and `Xinbaiju'. Hybrids could be aneuploid chromosomes and show the significant segregation of character.

江苏省科技厅高技术研究项目(BC2005318)