目的 研究川东獐牙菜的种子形态和不同处理对种子萌发的影响,为川东獐牙的种子育苗、人工栽培提供科学依据。方法 采用显微镜观察种子形态,对种子设置不同培养温度、不同光质、不同贮藏时间以及不同质量浓度的赤霉素(GA3)、KNO3浸种处理,观察记录种子发芽率并进行统计分析。结果 川东獐牙菜种子细小,千粒质量49.5 mg;种子发芽的适宜温度是14～23℃,最适温度为18℃;光质及全黑暗条件影响种子萌发,其中红色光照最有利种子萌发,全黑暗最不利于种子萌发;GA3、KNO3浸种可明显促进种子苗长高,并影响种子发芽率、发芽指数;川东獐牙菜种子在室内常温下贮藏寿命仅为5个月,若将种子在低温下贮藏可延长种子寿命。结论 得到川东獐牙菜种子萌发的最适处理条件,本研究对川东獐牙菜种子育苗、人工栽培具有重要指导意义。

Objective To evaluate seed morphology of Swertia davidii and the effects of different treatments on seed germination, and to provide a scientific basis for seeding and artificial cultivation of S.davidii. Methods Seed morphology was observed by microscope and seed germination rates were recorded and analyzed statistically, through setting conditions including different culture temperatures, different light qualities, different seed storage times, and soaking treatment with different concentration of GA3 and KNO3. Results S. davidii seeds were small with 0.049 5 g for thousand grain wight (TGW). The suitable temperature range of seed germination was 14-23 ℃, and the optimal temperature was 18 ℃. Seed germination could be affected under different light qualities and full darkness conditions, in which red light was the most conductive to seed germination, but full darkness was the least conductive to that. After soaking treatment with different concentration of GA3 and KNO3, not only seed growth could be significantly promoted, but also seed germination rates and germination index were affected. When the seeds were stored at room temperature, the seed longevity of S. davidii is only about five months, however, it can be increased at low temperature. Conclusion The study on seed germination of S. davidii is first reported, which shows the important guidance for seeding and artificial cultivation of S. davidii.

湘西州科委项目