目的 建立了全面分析鉴别自然铜生、煅品的方法。方法 利用远红外光谱分析、X射线衍射、热重-差热分析对自然铜生、煅品的结构组成、主要化学成分和热稳定性进行定性半定量分析。结果 远红外图谱分析显示：煅品有Fe₂O₃生成。X射线衍射分析表明：生品主要物相为FeS₂，煅品出现了Fe₇S₈、FeO(OH)、Fe₂O₃、Fe₃O₄等复杂物相。热分析显示：自然铜在400～1 000 ℃时，FeS₂逐渐分解；煅品成分结构变化较少。结论 以上分析方法鉴别自然铜生、煅品是可行的。

Abstract: Objective To establish a method by which the multi-analysis and identification on the crude and processed Pyritum (natural coppor) could be carried out. Methods The qualitative and semi-quantitative analyses of the structure, chemical composition, and thermal stability of crude and processed Pyritum were determined by means of far-infrared (FIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, and thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA). Results FIR spectroscopy showed that processed Pyritum had the chemical composition of Fe₂O₃. XRD analysis indicated that in crude Pyritum, the phase was mainly made up of FeS₂; however, in processed one, the more complicated phase was made up of Fe₇S₈, FeO(OH), Fe₂O₃, and Fe₃O₄, etc and appeared. Thermal analysis suggested that the phase FeS₂ can be gradually decomposed, the composition structure of the processed Pyritum changed less than that of the crude one when heated from 400 to 1 000 ℃. Conclusion The method of analyzing and identifying the crude and processed Pyritum is feasible.

国家科技部“十一五”科技支撑项目（2006BAI09B06-04）；江苏省中医药局资助项目（HL07079）