目的: 对盾叶薯蓣三倍体自然变异类型主要经济性状进行评价, 为盾叶薯蓣三倍体新品系选育奠定基础。方法: 对云南各地区收集盾叶薯蓣进行倍性鉴定。对鉴定获得的三倍体株系的单株产量、增殖率、薯蓣皂苷元的量等经济性状进行评价。结果: 在收集的盾叶薯蓣资源中发现5个三倍体; 盾叶薯蓣三倍体株系间性状均表现较大差异, 单株产量1090.00～628.57g, 增殖率(倍)72.43～29.43, 干物质质量分数36.95%～24.06%, 薯蓣皂苷元质量分数4.40%～1.50%, 株系1和株系3产量超过1000g, 株系2薯蓣皂苷元质量分数达到4.40%, 株系3在单株产量、增殖率、薯蓣皂苷元的量等性状均表现优异, 综合指标数值最高。结论: 通过盾叶薯蓣三倍体自然变异类型发现和株系性状评价, 获得表现优良的三倍体株系, 通过后代进一步评价有望选育出盾叶薯蓣三倍体新品系。

Objective: The main economic qualities of natural triploid were evaluated and the result laid a foundation to culture new triploid variety of Dioscorea zingiberensis. Methods: The ploidy level of series of D.zingiberensis from some areas of Yunnan Province were identified and the qualities of outputs per plantlet, propagation ratio, and diosgenin content etc. were measured. Results： Five natural triploids were found and the qualities of the triploids all displayed diversity, output per plantlet 1090.OO-628.57g, propagation ratio(ploidy) 72.43-29.43, dry substance ratio 36.95%-24.06%, and diosgenin content 4.40%-1.50%. The outputs of series 1 and series 3 exceed 1000g, the diosgenin content of series 2 reached to 4.40%, and series 3 displayed excellent quality of outputs per plantlet, propagation ratio, and diosgenin content. The synthetical index is maximum. Conclusion： The series comprising good quality are obtained by the discovery of triploid and evaluation of qualities. The triploid variety is to be created with judgment and selection of progeny.

云南省科技厅项目(2002ZY-2)