目的研究黄芪复合剂有效部位的化学成分,阐明其产生降血糖作用的物质基础。方法采用硅胶、聚酰胺柱色谱进行分离、纯化,根据化合物理化常数及核磁共振、质谱、紫外、红外光谱数据鉴定结构。结果从黄芪复合剂水煎液的正丁醇萃取部位中分离并鉴定了9个化合物,经波谱分析鉴定,分别为1-羟基-2,3,4,6-四甲氧基酮(Ⅰ)、1-羟基-2,3,4,7-四甲氧基酮(Ⅱ)、1-羟基-2,3,5,7-四甲氧基酮(Ⅲ)、1-羟基-2,3,5-三甲氧基酮(Ⅳ)、1-羟基-2,3,7-三甲氧基酮(Ⅴ)、甘草素(Ⅵ)、甘草苷(Ⅶ)、异甘草苷(Ⅷ)、棉毛黄芪皂苷Ⅳ(Ⅸ)。化合物Ⅰ~Ⅴ为酮类化合物。结论 5个酮类化合物均为首次从该复合剂中分离得到,推测可能是该复合剂的活性成分。

Objective To study the hypoglycemic mechanism of Radix Astragalis Formula and investigate the chemical constituents in its active fraction.Methods The constituents were separated by means of column chromatography and their structures were identified by spectral data and compared with literature data.Results Nine compounds were isolated from n-butyl alcohol fraction of Radix Astragalis Formula and identified as five xanthones,three flavonoids,and one triterpenoidal saponin.They are 1-hydroxy-2,3,4,6-tetramethoxyxanthone(Ⅰ),1-hydroxy-2,3,4,7-tetramethoxyxanthone(Ⅱ),1-hydroxy-2,3,5,7-tetramethoxyxanthone(Ⅲ),1-hydroxy-2,3,5-tetramethoxyxanthone(Ⅳ),1-hydroxy-2,3,7-tetramethoxyxanthone(Ⅴ),liquiritigenin(Ⅵ),liquiritin(Ⅶ),isoliquiritin(Ⅷ),and astra-sieversianin Ⅳ(Ⅸ).Conclusion Those five xanthones are isolated from Radix Astragalis Formula for the first time and speculated as bioactive constituents.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(20475057)；中国科学院2002年度“百人计划”基金项目；甘肃省自然科学基金项目(ZS021-A25-011-Z和3ZS051-A25-0777)