目的研究半夏P inellia terna ta珠芽的萌发动态及其影响因子,为阐明半夏珠芽的生产应用和珠芽发育生物学提供依据。方法利用完全随机实验设计研究半夏珠芽的萌发动态以及珠芽大小、不同覆土深度、土壤干湿度和不同来源对半夏珠芽萌发和半夏生长的影响。结果四川南充半夏珠芽播种约14 d开始萌发,23 d萌发率达60%以上,29 d完成萌发。直径≥8 mm的珠芽的萌发率显著高于5 mm≤直径<8 mm的珠芽;两种覆土深度10和20 mm对半夏珠芽的萌发和半夏幼苗的生长没有显著性影响;保持土壤湿润的珠芽萌发率显著高于土壤见干见湿的珠芽;从播种到23 d时,四川南充半夏的珠芽萌发率极显著高于山西新绛半夏的珠芽,随后二者的萌发率没有显著性差异。另外发现不同来源的半夏珠芽在萌发时叶形会发生变化。结论培育大的珠芽对半夏繁育有重要意义,保持土壤湿度对提高萌发率和促进半夏幼苗生长有重要作用,不同来源的半夏珠芽具有不同的萌发特点和生长特性,应重视半夏不同品系的筛选。

Objective To study dynamics and affecting factors of bulbil germination in Pinellia ternata for directing application and elucidating developmental biology of bulbil. Methods The dynamics of bulbil germination and effects of bulbil size, planting deep, soil humidity, and different sources on bulbil germination and seedling growth were studied using completely randomized experimental design. Results(When bulbil) of P. ternata from Nanchong County, Sichuan Province started to germinate for about 14 d after planting, germination rate was up to 60% at 23 d after planting and it ended to germinate at after planting. Germination rate of bulbil in diameter ≥8 mm was higher than that in diameter 5—8 mm. Effects of two kinds of planting deep (10 and 20 mm) on bulbil germination and seedling growth were not significant. However, the germination rate of bulbil in humidity-kept soil was higher than that in drought-threatened one. From the planting through 23 d, the bulbil germination rate of P. ternata from Nanchong County, Sichuan Province was significantly higher than that from Xinjiang County, Shanxi Province. Subsequently, the difference of their bulbil germination rate was not significant. In addition, it was discovered that the shape of leaves varied when bulbils of P. ternata from different sources germinated. Conclusion It is very important for propagation and production of P. ternate to develop the larger bulbil and to keep soil humidity. Furthermore, bulbil of P. ternata from different sources possesses different characters of germination and growth, so research and choice on the source and lines of P. ternata should be regarded in their production.

中央级科研院所科技基础性工作专项资金(ZYS-365-01);四川省重点科技攻关课题资助项目