目的 研究微波技术对大黄游离蒽醌浸出量的影响,并与传统提取方法做比较。方法 采用正交试验法考察微波输出功率、药材粒径、浸出时间3个因素对提取效率的影响,优选大黄游离蒽醌的最佳浸出方案。以优选出的微波浸出方案为实验组,以常规煎煮法及乙醇回流法为对照组,进行平行实验。结果 药材粒径对大黄游离蒽醌浸出的影响高度显著(P<0.01),功率对大黄游离蒽醌浸出的影响显著(P<0.05),时间对大黄游离蒽醌的浸出有一定的影响(0.05<P<0.1)。微波浸提法对大黄游离蒽醌的提取效率明显优于常规煎煮法,同乙醇回流提取法相当。结论 微波浸提法是一种提取效率高、操作简便、省时的提取中草药活性成分的新方法,值得推广应用。

Object To apply microwave technique to the extraction of free anthraquinones from Rheum emodi Wall. and the methods of microwave extraction and traditional extraction were comparied. Methods The orthogonal test design was used to arrange sequent experiments to test the effect of the three main factors including microwave power, particle size of herb and extraction time on the extraction efficiency of free anthraquinones and to establish optimal extraction process. A parallel test was carried out using the three different methods including the optimal extraction process, the traditional decocting method and the alcohol refluxing method. Results Particle size of herb and microwave power are the significant factors with P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively. Time is an affective factor on the extraction of anthraquinones(0.05<P<0.1). Microwave extraction method is superior to the traditional decocting method and equivalent to the alcohol refluxing method. Conclusion Microwave extraction method is efficient, simple and rapid for extraction of active compounds of TCM.

国家“九·五”攻关资助项目(编号:96-C02-04-04)