目的 系统评价小儿豉翘清热颗粒联合阿奇霉素治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的临床疗效及安全性。方法 计算机检索中文学术期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、维普中文期刊全文数据库（VIP）、万方数据库（Wanfang Data）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、Cochrane Library、PubMed和Web of Science等中英文数据库，收集小儿豉翘清热颗粒联合阿奇霉素治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的临床随机对照试验（RCT），时限为建库起至2021年6月15日，使用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入9篇RCTs、包括1 072例患儿。Meta分析结果显示：小儿豉翘清热颗粒联合阿奇霉素组较对照组能提高总有效率［RR=1.16，95% CI（1.05，1.27），P=0.003］、缩短咳嗽消失时间［MD=-2.54，95% CI（-3.44，-1.46），P<0.000 01］、缩短肺部啰音消失时间［MD=-2.55，95% CI（-4.39，-0.70），P=0.007］、退热时间［MD=-2.08，95% CI（-2.84，-1.31），P<0.000 01］、降低白细胞介素-6水平［MD=-7.88，95% CI（-12.33，-3.43），P=0.000 5］、降低不良反应率［RR= 0.44，95% CI（0.28，0.68），P=0.000 2］，且差异均有统计学意义。结论 小儿豉翘清热颗粒联合阿奇霉素治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的疗效优于单用阿奇霉素，且更安全。

Objective To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre Granules combined with azithromycin in the treatment of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). Methods A computer search of Chinese academic Journal full-text Database (CNKI), VIP Chinese Journal full-text Database (VIP), Wanfang Database (Wanfang Data), China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), The Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science, in order to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCT) of Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre Granules combined with azithromycin in the treatment of children with MPP. The retrieval time is from the establishment of the database to June 15, 2021. Statistical analysis was carried out by using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 9 RCTs including 1 072 children were included. Meta-analysis results show that as compared with control group, Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre Granules combined with azithromycin group is more improving clinical efficiency rate [RR=1.16, 95%CI (1.05, 1.27), P=0.003], shorten cough disappearance time [MD=-2.55, 95%CI (-3.44,-1.46), P<0.000 01], shorten lung rale disappearance time [MD=-2.55, 95%CI (-4.39,-0.70), P=0.007], shorten fever disappearance time [MD=-2.08, 95%CI (-2.84,-1.31), P<0.000 1], debase IL-6 value after treatment [MD=-7.88, 95%CI (-12.33, -3.43), P=0.0005], debase adverse reaction rate [RR=0.44, 95%CI (0.28, 0.68), P=0.0002], the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre Granules combined with azithromycin in the treatment of children with MPP is more effective than azithromycin alone and is safer.

R287.5

青年科学基金资助项目（82004422）