目的 探讨注射用鼠神经生长因子（NGF）对急性脑梗死患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）和一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活性的影响。方法 选择2015年3月—2017年7月住院治疗的急性脑梗死患者92例，随机分为常规组（n=46）和mNGF组（n=46）。常规组按常规方法给予抗血小板聚集、降颅压、降脂稳定斑块、控制血压血糖、抗感染、维持水电平衡等，根据患者个体情况应用脱水剂及加强营养；mNGF组在常规治疗基础上加用鼠NGF肌肉注射治疗，30 μg/次，1次/d，共治疗28 d。对比两组治疗后总有效率，观察并比较两组治疗前后NIHSS评分、Barthel指数及血清NSE、一氧化氮（NO）、NOS水平。结果 mNGF组治疗后总有效率（89.13%）明显高于常规组（67.39%），两组治疗后总有效率比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与治疗前比较，两组治疗28 d后NIHSS评分明显下降（P<0.05）、Barthel指数明显增高，同组治疗前后比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；但mNGF组变化程度大于常规组，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组治疗前NSE、NO及NOS水平无统计学差异；两组治疗14 d、28 d后NSE、NO及NOS水平明显下降，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；但mNGF组下降幅度明显大于常规组，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 注射用鼠NGF治疗能有效降低急性脑梗死患者血清NSE和NOS活性，从而发挥对缺血脑损伤的保护作用，促进神经功能的恢复。

Objective To observe the influence of mouse nerve growth factor injection on neuron-specific enolase (NSE), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods 92 cases of patients with acute cerebral infarction were chosen as the research objects from March 2015 to July 2017 in our hospital. All patients were randomly divided into routine group (n=46) and mNGF group (n=46). Routine group was treated with conventional methods such as anti-platelet aggregation, reduction of cranial pressure, lipid-lowering and stabilize the plaques, controlling blood pressure and blood glucose, anti-infection, maintenance of water and electrolyte balance, etc, applying dehydrating agents and strengthening nutrition according to the patient's individual situation, mNGF group was added to mNGF injection (30 μg/times, 1 times/d) on the basis of conventional treatment. Two groups were treated for 28 d. Total efficiency after treatment were compared between two groups. NIHSS score, Barthel index and serum NSE, nitric oxide (NO), NOS levels before and after treatment were observed and compared in two groups. Results The total effective rate was 89.13% after treatment in mNGF group, and was significantly higher than 67.39% of routine group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the NIHSS scores of the two groups were significantly lower (P < 0.05) and the Barthel indexes significantly increased (P < 0.05), but the change of mNGF group was greater than those of routine group (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in NSE, NO and NOS. The levels of NSE, NO and NOS in two groups were significantly decreased after treatment of 14 d and 28 d (P < 0.05), but the decrease of mNGF group was significantly greater than those of routine group (P < 0.05). Conclusion mNGF injection can effectively reduce serum NSE and NOS activity in patients with acute cerebral infarction, thus play a role in the protection of ischemic brain injury and promote the recovery of nervous function.