目的 分析痰热清注射液辅助治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的临床疗效及对血清炎症因子水平的影响。方法 以2015年3月-2016年12月云南省中医院儿科收治的80例毛细支气管炎患儿为研究对象，随机分为观察组和对照组，每组40例。对照组患儿仅给予常规综合治疗，观察组患者在常规综合治疗的基础上加用痰热清注射液。比较两组的临床疗效，临床症状和体征消失时间，包括咳嗽、喘息、肺部啰音消失时间以及住院时间，肺功能[呼气次数（RR），潮气量（VT）、吸呼比（Ti/Te）、达峰时间比（t_PTEF/t_E，潮气呼气锋流速达峰时间/呼气时间）]，以及治疗前后血清炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白介素-6（IL-6）]水平变化。结果 观察组的治疗总有效率（95.00%）显著高于对照组（80.00%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组的咳嗽、喘息、肺部啰音消失时间以及住院时间均显著短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组的RR、Ti/Te均较治疗前显著降低，VT、t_PTEF/t_E均较治疗前显著升高，组内差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且观察组的RR、Ti/Te均显著低于对照组，VT、t_PTEF/t_E均显著高于治疗后的对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组的血清TNF-α、IL-6水平均较治疗前显著降低，组内差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且观察组的均显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 痰热清注射液辅助治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的临床疗效显著，可改善患儿预后及肺功能，其作用机制可能与调节患者血清TNF-α、IL-6水平有关。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Tanreqing Injection on infantile capillary bronchitis and the influence in serum inflammatory factors.Methods 80 cases of patients with infantile capillary in Yunnan provincial hospital of traditional Chinese medicine from March 2015 to December 2016 were divided into observation group and control group, 40 cases in each group. Children in the observation group were treated with comprehensive treatment, and in the control group were treated Tanreqing injection based on the comprehensive treatment. Compared the clinical effect, The times for clinical symptoms and pulmonary signs to disappear (Cough, wheezing, lung then disappear time and hospital stay), pulmonary function[Exhale number (RR), tidal volume (VT), call absorption ratio (Ti/Te), t_PTEF/t_E (moisture out front velocity t_max/expiratory time)] and serum levels of inflammatory factors[Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] before and after treatment.Results The clinical effect of observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P< 0.05). The disappear time of cough, wheezing, lung, and the hospital stay in the observation group were significantly shorter than that in the control group (P< 0.05). After treatment, the RR, Ti/Te, serum levels of TNF-α, hs-CRP and IL-6 of two groups were all significantly lower, VT, t_PTEF/t_E significantly higher than before treatment (P< 0.05), and in the observation group were lower or higher than that in the control group (P< 0.05).Conclusion Tanreqing injection adjuvant infantile capillary bronchitis has remarkable clinical effect, can promote patients prognosis, improve lung function, its mechanism may be related to regulate patients serum levels of TNF-α, hs-CRP, IL-6.