[关键词]
[摘要]
遗传毒性评价是药物安全性评价的重要组成部分。如何早期、快速地获得药物可能的毒性反应数据,是当前遗传毒理学领域的研究热点之一。介绍几种目前应用比较广泛或有较好应用前景的早期、快速的遗传毒性评价方法,包括Ames II试验、Gadd45 GreenScreen试验、高通量体外彗星试验和流式细胞术检测微核试验,主要围绕这些方法的基本原理、简要操作流程、预测毒性的可信度以及与传统方法相比的优缺点等展开。同时简要介绍计算机辅助毒性预测模型以及基因芯片技术在遗传毒性评价中的应用。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Genotoxicity assessment is an important component of drug safety evaluation. Recently, how to obtain the data of potential side effects rapidly in early phase of drug research is one of the hot points in genetic toxicology. This review summarized several prospective approaches including Ames II test, Gadd45 GreenScreen test, high-throughput in vitro comet test, and micronucleus test using flow cytometry, and their principles, brief procedure, validation, advantages, and potential problems. Additionally, this review gave a brief introduction of computer-assisted toxicity prediction model and application of microarray in genotoxicity evaluation.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金(20807045/B070701);国家科技重大专项“重大新药创制”(2008ZX09305-007,2009ZX09501-033,2009ZX09301-001)