目的 分析真实世界中益气维血治疗贫血相关性疾病的临床特征及有效性，为临床应用提供借鉴和参考。方法 采用频数分析对来自7个省市18家综合医院信息系统（ HIS）中使用益气维血治疗贫血患者一般信息、诊断信息及临床用药信息进行统计分析。采用Apriori算法建立模型，运用SPSS Modeler 18.0对数据进行关联分析，并通过对比实验室指标对益气维血疗效进行分析。结果 使用益气维血片/胶囊治疗贫血患者共6 629例，女性患者多于男性，比例为3.09∶ 1.00。年龄分布为25～45岁患者比例最大，占50.61%。患者分布科室以妇产科为主。入院诊断病情为轻度贫血的患者最为普遍，占75.50%。使用益气维血片/胶囊治疗贫血患者常合并妇产科相关疾病，其次是肾相关疾病、消化道疾病、肝病、恶性肿瘤等。关联规则分析显示益气维血与琥珀酸亚铁片、复方硫酸亚铁叶酸片和右旋糖酐铁口服液联合使用频率最高，规则支持度分别为28.70%、18.12%、17.97%。益气维血联合2种药物使用频率最高的是右旋糖酐铁口服液＋复方硫酸亚铁叶酸片，规则支持度为7.54%。有效性分析表明，与单独使用铁剂治疗贫血的患者相比，使用益气维血的患者血红蛋白上升变化更明显（P＜0.05）。结论 益气维血用药以女性患者为主，临床合并症频数最多妇产科相关疾病，联合用药使用最多的是琥珀酸亚铁片。益气维血相比于铁剂治疗贫血具有更显著的疗效，有助于贫血患者的恢复。

Objective To understand the clinical characteristics and efficacy of Yiqi Weixue treatment for anemia-related diseases in the real world, providing reference and guidance for clinical application. Methods Frequency analysis was conducted on general information, diagnosis information, and clinical medication information of patients treated with Yiqi Weixue for anemia, extracted from the Hospital Information Systems (HIS) of 18 general hospitals across seven provinces. The Apriori algorithm was used to establish a model, and SPSS Modeler 18.0 was employed for association analysis of the data. The efficacy of Yiqi Weixue was analyzed by comparing laboratory indicators. Results A total of 6 629 patients were treated with Yiqi Weixue for anemia, with more female patients than male patients at a ratio of 3.09∶ 1.00. The largest proportion of patients (50.61%) were aged from 25 to 45. The main departments where patients were distributed were obstetrics and gynecology. The most common admission diagnosis was mild anemia, accounting for 75.50%. Patients treated with Yiqi Weixue for anemia often had comorbidities related to obstetrics and gynecology, followed by renal diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, liver diseases, and malignancies. Association rule analysis showed that Yiqi Weixue was most frequently used in combination with ferrous succinate tablets, compound ferrous sulfate folic acid tablets, and iron sucrose injection, with support degrees of 28.70%, 18.12%, and 17.97%, respectively. The most frequent combination of two drugs was dextran iron oral solution and compound ferrous sulfate and folic acid tablets, with a support rate of 7.54%. Efficacy analysis indicated that patients using Yiqi Weixue showed more significant increases in hemoglobin levels compared to those treated with iron supplements alone (P < 0.05). Conclusion The clinical use of Yiqi Weixue primarily involves female patients, with the highest frequency of comorbid obstetrics and gynecology. Compared to iron supplements, Yiqi Weixue therapy for anemia shows more significant efficacy, aiding in the recovery of anemic patients.

R973