恶性肿瘤是全球重大公共卫生问题，是导致人类死亡的主要原因之一，早期不易察觉，疾病发展迅速，治疗常常耗费大量的医疗资源。在临床上，恶性肿瘤多用手术、放疗以及化疗治疗，患者多伴随出现恶心、呕吐、头晕乏力等一系列不适症状。作为中国传统医学，中医药能够显著缓解肿瘤患者的不良反应、延长生存期，治疗方式易被接受，因其安全有效、无不良反应的巨大优点已被广泛应用于恶性肿瘤的辅助及支持治疗中，是一项绿色疗法。消癌平是由萝藦科牛奶菜属植物通关藤制成的单方制剂，具有抗癌、止呕、保肝、利尿及免疫调节等多种药理功效，同时作为天然产物制剂，还具备多靶点、不良反应小、不易产生耐受性的优点，在临床上广泛用于肝癌、肺癌、食道癌和胃癌等的治疗及放化疗和术前术后的辅助治疗，常用剂型有注射液、口服液、片剂、滴丸及胶囊等，药理机制包括直接靶向肿瘤细胞、调节肿瘤微环境，抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭，抑制血管生成等。对消癌平的抗肿瘤活性成分、药理机制及临床应用进行总结，旨在为消癌平抗肿瘤的进一步研究和临床应用提供思路。

Malignant tumors are a major global public health problem and one of the main causes of human death. Clinically, malignant tumors are mostly treated with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, and patients often have a series of uncomfortable symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness and fatigue. Traditional Chinese medicine can significantly alleviate the adverse reactions of cancer patients and prolong the survival time, and the treatment method is easy to accept, because of its great advantages of safety, effectiveness and no toxic side effects, it has been widely used in the adjuvant and supportive treatment of malignant tumors, and is a green therapy. Xiaoaiping is a prescription made of the stem of Marsdeniae tenacissimae, which has a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti-cancer, antinausea, hepatoprotective, diuretic and immunomodulatory, and as a natural product preparation, it also has the advantages of multi-target, small toxicity and side effects, and is not easy to produce tolerance, and is widely used in the treatment of liver cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer and gastric cancer, as well as chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant therapy before and after surgery. Common dosage forms include injection, oral liquid, tablet, drop pill, and capsule. Pharmacological mechanisms include direct targeting of tumor cells, regulation of the tumor microenvironment, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and inhibition of angiogenesis. This article summarizes the components, pharmacological mechanisms and clinical applications of Xiaoaiping, aiming to provide ideas for further research and clinical application of Xiaoaiping against tumors.

国家自然科学基金面上项目（82273963）;天津中医药大学中西医结合学院2022年度研究生创新基金（ZXYCXLX202211）