目的 系统评价耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）血流感染危险因素，为各级医疗机构预防MRSA血流感染提供依据。方法 计算机检索中国学术期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、万方数据库（Wanfang Data）、维普中文期刊全文数据库（VIP）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、PubMed、Embase等数据库，检索时限为建库至2023年6月6日，收集国内外MRSA血流感染危险因素的病例对照研究，采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入16篇病例对照研究，涉及感染危险因素49个。结果显示年龄（年龄≥65、60岁），医院感染，合并脑梗死、慢性肝胆疾病、消化性溃疡、感染性休克、肺部感染，中心静脉置管、留置导尿管、气管插管，入住ICU，感染前使用碳青霉烯类、糖肽类、第3代头孢菌素类，感染来源于呼吸道、皮肤软组织、腹腔、导管、感染来源大于2个部位，住院时间，MRSA血流感染组与甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）血流感染组相比，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 MRSA血流感染危险因素多，临床诊疗活动中应重视患者基础疾病，规范化进行侵入性操作，重视病区环境的消杀和医务人员手卫生，合理使用抗菌药物，动态评估患者生命体征，根据危险因素制定感控策略，从而降低MRSA血流感染发生率。

Objective To systematically evaluate the risk factors of bloodstream infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and to provide evidence for medical institutions at all levels to prevent MRSA bloodstream infection. Methods The databases of CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, CBM, PubMed, and Embase were searched by computer. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to June 6, 2023. Case-control study on risk factors of MRSA bloodstream infection at home and abroad were collected, and Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 16 case-control studies were included, involving 49 risk factors of infection. The results showed that age, age ≥ 65, age ≥ 60 years old, hospital infection, cerebral infarction, chronic hepatobiliary disease, peptic ulcer, septic shock, pulmonary infection, central vein catheterization, foley catheter, tracheal intubation, admission to ICU, carbapenem, glycopeptides, third-generation cephalosporin before infection, infection from respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue, abdominal cavity, catheter, infection from more than two parts, hospital stay, the difference between the MRSA bloodstream infection group and the methicillin-sensitiv Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bloodstream infection group was statistically significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion There are many risk factors for MRSA bloodstream infection. In clinical diagnosis and treatment activities, should pay attention to patients' basic diseases, standardize invasive operations, pay attention to the disinfection and sterilization of the ward environment and the hand hygiene of medical personnel, use antibiotics reasonably, dynamically assess patients' vital signs, and formulate sensing and control strategies based on risk factors, so as to reduce the incidence of MRSA bloodstream infection.

四川省医院协会2022年青年药师科研专项资金项目（22045）；四川省医学会（恒瑞）科研基金专项科研课题（2021HR26）；2022年度成都医学院科学研究机构开放课题和校级科研项目（2022LHNBZYB-11）；南充市科技计划项目（22YFZJZC0047）