目的 了解南京市儿童医院新生儿感染葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药特点。方法 回顾性分析南京市儿童医院新生儿科2015年1月—2017年12月患儿送检各类标本所分离的葡萄球菌及其耐药情况。结果 共检出葡萄球菌1 151株，其中金黄色葡萄球菌586株，占50.9%，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌565株，占49.1%。药敏结果表明金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对青霉素的耐药率最高；对喹努普汀/达福普汀、利奈唑胺和万古霉素全部敏感。结论 新生儿肺炎的主要致病葡萄球菌为金黄色葡萄球菌；凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌是新生儿血液感染最主要的致病菌。临床上应根据药敏结果并结合新生儿自身情况合理用药。

Objective To analyaze the clinical distribution and drug resistance of neonatal staphylococcus infection in Nanjing Children's Hospital. Methods Staphylococcus isolated from various samples and drug resistance from January 2015 to December 2017 in Department of Neonatology of Nanjing Children's Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results Total 1 151 strains of staphylococcus were isolated. Staphylococcus aureus were 586 strains (50.9%), and 565 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococcus accounted for 49.1%. Drug sensitivity results showed that the resistance rate of S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococcus against penicillin was the highest, and they were sensitive to quinuptin/dafuptin, linazolamide, and vancomycin. Conclusion S. aureus is the main pathogenic staphylococcus of neonatal pneumonia. Coagulase negative staphylococcus is the most important pathogenic bacteria of newborn blood infection. Clinically, rational drug use should be made according to the results of drug sensitivity combined with the conditions of the newborn.