目的 探讨三子止咳胶囊联合二羟丙茶碱注射液治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的临床疗效。方法 选取2015年3月—2018年3月在许昌市中心医院进行治疗的84例慢性支气管炎急性发作患者为研究对象，根据用药的差别将患者分为对照组（42例）和治疗组（42例）。对照组静脉滴注二羟丙茶碱注射液，0.75 g加入到5%葡萄糖注射液250 mL中，2次/d；治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上口服三子止咳胶囊，0.6 g/次，3次/d。两组患者均连续治疗2周。观察两组患者的临床疗效，同时比较两组的临床症状改善时间、肺功能指标和血清学指标。结果 治疗后，对照组的总有效率为80.95%，显著低于治疗组的95.24%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组咳嗽咳痰缓解时间、肺部啰音消失时间、喘息症状缓解时间均明显短于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组一秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）、用力肺活量（FVC）、最大呼气流量（PEF）水平均明显升高，同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗后治疗组肺功能指标水平显著高于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、降钙素（PCT）、可溶性髓系细胞表达的触发受体1（sTREM-1）水平均明显降低，同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗后治疗组血清学指标水平明显低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 三子止咳胶囊联合二羟丙茶碱注射液治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作可有效改善患者临床症状，促进患者肺功能改善，并降低机体炎性因子水平，具有一定的临床推广价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Sanzi Zhike Capsules combined with Diprophylline Injection in treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. Methods Patients (84 cases) with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis in Xuchang Central Hospital from March 2015 to March 2018 were randomly divided into control (42 cases) and treatment (42 cases) groups according to the difference of medication. Patients in the control group were iv administered with Diprophylline Injection, 0.75 g added into 5% Glucose Injection 250 mL, twice daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Sanzi Zhike Capsules on the basis of the control group, 0.6 g/time, three times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 2 weeks. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the improvement time of clinical symptoms, pulmonary function indexes, and serological indexes in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group was 80.95%, which was significantly lower than 95.24% in the treatment group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the relief times of cough, sputum, lung rale and wheezing symptoms in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, FEV₁, FVC, and PEF in two groups were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, the pulmonary function indexes in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, hs-CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, PCT, and sTREM-1 levels in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serological indexes levels in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Sanzi Zhike Capsules combined with Diprophylline Injection can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, promote the improvement of pulmonary function, and reduce the inflammatory factors level, which has a certain clinical application value.