目的 研究消咳平喘汤联合硫酸特布他林片和孟鲁司特钠咀嚼片治疗儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘的临床疗效。方法 选取2016年1月-2018年1月于成都市新都区中医医院接受治疗的咳嗽变异性哮喘儿童98例为研究对象，按照随机数表法分为对照组和治疗组，每组各49例。对照组口服硫酸特布他林片，0.065 mg/kg，3次/d，用量不超过1.25 mg/次。同时口服孟鲁司特钠咀嚼片，1片/次，1次/d，5岁及以下患者4 mg/次，6岁及以上患者5 mg/次。治疗组在对照组基础上加用消咳平喘汤，每日水煎1剂，共100 mL，分早、中、晚3次服用。14 d为1个疗程，两组患者共治疗2个疗程。观察两组患者的临床疗效，比较治疗前后两组患者的咳嗽症状缓解情况、血清免疫球蛋白E（IgE）和嗜酸性粒细胞（EOS）水平、肺功能指标。结果 治疗后，对照组总有效率为83.7%，治疗组总有效率为93.9%，两组总有效率比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组咳嗽缓解时间、咳嗽消失时间明显短于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组血清IgE和EOS水平较治疗前均显著降低，同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗后治疗组血清IgE和EOS水平明显低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者FEV1、FEF25%、FEF50%、FEF75%均显著升高，同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗后治疗组肺功能指标水平明显高于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 消咳平喘汤联合硫酸特布他林片和孟鲁司特钠咀嚼片治疗儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘具有较好的临床疗效，能够改善患者临床症状和肺功能，降低血清IgE和EOS水平，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the effect of Xiaoke Pingchuan Decoction combined with Terbutaline Sulfate Tablets and Montelukast Sodium Chewable Tablets in treatment of cough variant asthma in children. Methods Children (98 cases) with cough variant asthma in Chengdu Xindu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2016 to January 2018 were randomly divided into the control group (49 cases) and the treatment group (49 cases). Children in the control group were po administered with Terbutaline Sulfate Tablets 0.065 mg/kg, 3 times/d, and the dosage was not more than 1.25 mg/time. At the same time, Montelukast Sodium Chewable Tablets were given orally 1 tablets/time, once daily, 4 mg/time in children under 5 years, and 5 mg/time in children over 6 years. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Xiaoke Pingchuan Decoction on the basis of the control group, and a dose daily with a total of 100 mL were taken at morning, afternoon, and evening. A course had 14 d, and patients were treated for two courses After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and cough relieving times, levels of IgE and EOS, and lung function indexes in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group was 83.7%, which was significantly lower than 93.9% in the treatment group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, cough relief time and cough disappear times in the treatment group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, IgE and EOS levels in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And IgE and EOS levels in the treatment group after treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, FEV1, FEF25%, FEF50%, and FEF75% levels in two groups were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the lung function indexes in the treatment group after treatment were significantly higher than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Xiaoke Pingchuan Decoction combined with Terbutaline Sulfate Tablets and Montelukast Sodium Chewable Tablets has obvious curative effect in treatment of cough variant asthma in children, can significantly improve the clinical symptoms and lung function, and reduce serum IgE and EOS levels, which has a certain clinical application value.

四川省科技支撑计划项目（2015SZ0034）