目的 观察小儿肺咳颗粒联合特布他林治疗小儿急性支气管肺炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2016年9月-2017年11月郑州大学附属儿童医院收治的急性支气管肺炎患儿108例，随机分为对照组（54例）和治疗组（54例）。对照组雾化吸入硫酸特布他林雾化液，≤ 20 kg患儿，2.5 mg/次加入1 mL生理盐水；>20 kg患儿，5 mg/次加入2 mL生理盐水，持续时间10~15 min，2次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服小儿肺咳颗粒，3~4岁患儿，3 g/次，4~12岁患儿，6 g/次，3次/d。两组患儿均治疗7 d。观察两组患儿临床疗效，同时比较治疗前后两组患儿临床症状改善时间、心肌酶指标、血清白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅱ（IGF-Ⅱ）和超敏C-反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平及中医症状总积分。结果 治疗后，对照组临床有效率为77.78%，显著低于治疗组的94.44%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组患者的体温恢复时间、肺部湿啰音消退时间及咳痰和咳嗽缓解时间均显著短于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患儿乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、肌酸激酶（CK）、CK同工酶（CK-MB）、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶（α-HBDH）、IL-6、IGF-Ⅱ和hs-CRP水平均显著降低（P<0.05），且治疗后治疗组上述指标明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组中医症状积分均显著降低（P<0.05），且治疗后治疗组中医症状积分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 小儿肺咳颗粒联合特布他林治疗小儿急性支气管肺炎疗效确切，同时能明显改善心肌酶指标，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Xiao'er Feike Granules combined with terbutaline in treatment of acute bronchial pneumonia in children. Methods Children (108 cases) with acute bronchial pneumonia in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from September 2016 to November 2017 were randomly divided into control (54 cases) and treatment (54 cases) groups. Children in the control group were atomization inhalation administered with Terbutaline Sulphate Solution for nebulization, 2.5 mg/time added into 1 mL normal saline for the weight ≤ 20 kg children, and 5 mg/time added into 2 mL normal saline for the weight >20 kg children, continuous administration for 10-15 min, twice daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Xiao'er Feike Granules on the basis of the control group, 3 g/time for 3-4 years children, 6 g/time for 4-12 years children, three times daily. Children in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the improvement time of clinical symptoms, the myocardial enzyme indexes, serum IL-6, IGF-Ⅱ, and hs-CRP levels, the TCM symptoms score in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group was 77.78%, which was significantly lower than 94.44% in the treatment group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the fever reducing time, disappearance time of lung rales, and expectoration and cough relieving time in the treatment group after treatment were significantly shorter than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P After treatment, the LDH, AST, CK, CK-MB, α-HBDH, IL-6, IGF-Ⅱ, and hs-CRP levels in two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and these indexes in the treatment group after treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the TCM symptoms score in two groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the TCM symptoms score in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Xiao'er Feike Granules combined with terbutaline has obvious curative effect in treatment of acute bronchial pneumonia in children, can significantly improve the myocardial enzyme indexes, which has a certain clinical application value.