目的 探讨牛黄上清胶囊联合西地碘含片治疗复发性口腔溃疡的临床疗效。方法 选取2016年3月-2018年3月中国人民解放军第二二四医院收治的复发性口腔溃疡患者120例，采用随机数字表法将所有患者分为对照组和治疗组，每组各60例。对照组口含服西地碘含片，1片/次，5次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上口服牛黄上清胶囊，3粒/次，2次/d。7 d为1个疗程，两组患者均持续治疗2个疗程。观察两组临床疗效，同时比较治疗前后两组患者的视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分、血清炎性因子水平、临床症状和复发情况。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的临床有效率分别为80.00%、95.00%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组VAS评分明显降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗后治疗组VAS评分明显低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）水平均显著降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗后治疗组血清炎性因子水平显著低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组患者口疮数目、口疮直径、症状消失时间和溃疡愈合时间显著低于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组患者复发率为6.67%，显著低于对照组的25.00%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 牛黄上清胶囊联合西地碘含片治疗复发性口腔溃疡具有较好的临床疗效，可显著降低血清炎性因子水平，改善患者临床症状，减少复发，安全性较高，具有一定临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Niuhuang Shangqing Capsules combined with Cydiodine Buccal Tablets in treatment of recurrent aphtha.Methods Patients (120 cases) with recurrent aphtha in the 224th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army from March 2016 to March 2018 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 60 cases. Patients in the control group were sublingual administered with Cydiodine Buccal Tablets, 1 tablet/time, five times daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Niuhuang Shangqing Capsules on the basis of the control group, 3 grains/time, twice daily. One course had 7 d, and patients in two groups were treated for 2 courses. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the VAS score, serum levels of inflammatory factors, clinical symptoms, and the relapses in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control and treatment groups were 80.00% and 95.00%, respectively, and there were differences between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, VAS scores in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). And VAS scores in the treatment group were significantly lower than that in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the TNF-α, IL-6 levels in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P < 0.05). And the serum levels of inflammatory factors in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the number and diameter of aphtha, symptoms disappeared time, and the ulcer healing time in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, there was difference between two groups (P <0.05). After treatment, the relapses rate in the treatment group was 6.67%, which was significantly lower than 25.00% in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05).Conclusion Niuhuang Shangqing Capsules combined with Cydiodine Buccal Tablets has good clinical effect in treatment of recurrent aphtha, can significantly decrease the serum levels of inflammatory factors, and improve clinical symptoms, reduce the recurrence rate, with good safety, which has a certain clinical application value.