目的 探讨双黄连口服液联合磷酸奥司他韦颗粒治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法 将2021年7月—2023年6月上海市奉贤区中心医院收治的104例急性上呼吸道感染患儿作为研究对象，按照计算机随机排列法分为对照组和治疗组，每组52例。对照组开水冲服奥司他韦颗粒，体质量≤15 kg患儿30 mg/次，体质量＞15～23 kg患儿45 mg/次，体质量＞23～40 kg患儿60 mg/次，体质量＞40 kg患儿75 mg/次，2次/d。治疗组对照组基础上口服双黄连口服液，3岁以下3 mL/次，3～5岁5 mL/次，5岁以上10 mL/次，3次/d。两组患儿持续治疗5 d。比较两组的治疗效果、症状消失时间、血清指标。结果 治疗组总有效率为96.15%，比对照组总有效率84.62%高，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗后，治疗组退热时间、止咳时间、痰消时间、流涕消失时间均短于比对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组的血清中血清淀粉样蛋白-A（SAA）、白细胞介素-18（IL-18）、白细胞介素-4（IL-4）、肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体（TRAIL）水平比治疗前小（P＜0.05）；治疗组的血清SAA、IL-18、IL-4、TRAIL水平均比对照组低（P＜0.05）。结论 双黄连口服液联合磷酸奥司他韦颗粒治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的疗效确切，能够改善临床症状，减轻炎症反应。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid combined with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children. Methods Children (104 cases) with acute upper respiratory tract infection in Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital from July 2021 to June 2023 were divided into control and treatment groups according to the computer random arrangement method, and each group had 52 cases. Children in the control group were po administered with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules, with a body mass ≤ 15, >15 — 23, >23 — 40, and >40 kg with dosage of 30, 45, 60, and 75 mg/time, twice daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid on the basis of the control group, 3 mL/time under 3 years old, 5 mL/time between 3— 5 years old, and 10 mL/time between 5 years old and above, three times daily. Children in two groups were treated for 5 d. The clinical efficacies, symptom disappearance time, and serum indicators in two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 96.15%, which was higher than 84.62% of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Fever relief time, cough relief time, phlegm disappearance time, and runny nose disappearance time in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of SAA, IL-18, IL-4, and TRAIL in two groups were lower than before treatment (P< 0.05), and the serum levels of SAA, IL-18, IL-4 and TRAIL in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid combined with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules is effective in the treatment of children with acute upper respiratory tract infection, which can improve the efficiency of symptom improvement, further reduce inflammation.

R974;R985

上海市科学技术发展基金项目（20170803）