目的 探究雷公藤甲素对类风湿关节炎成纤维样滑膜细胞（FLSs）线粒体自噬、NOD样受体蛋白3（NLRP3）炎症小体活化和细胞焦亡的影响。方法 将FLSs细胞和类风湿关节炎FLSs细胞进行传代培养。将类风湿性关节炎FLSs细胞采用0、10、20、40 ng/mL雷公藤甲素进行处理。采用蛋白质印迹法（Western blotting）检测线粒体自噬相关蛋白LC3B、p62、PHB2、NLRP3的蛋白表达。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测炎症因子白细胞介素（IL）-1β和IL-18的水平。采用流式细胞术检测细胞焦亡情况，并采用Western blotting法检测焦亡相关蛋白GSDMD和GSDMD-N表达。结果 采用10、20、40 ng/mL雷公藤甲素处理类风湿关节炎FLSs后，雷公藤甲素各剂量组均能显著减弱类风湿关节炎FLSs细胞的线粒体自噬相关蛋白LC3B的表达，上调p62和PHB2的表达；NLRP3表达水平均显著降低，IL-1β和IL-18水平显著降低；细胞焦亡率显著降低；GSDMD蛋白表达显著上升，GSDMD-N蛋白表达下降（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001），且呈剂量相关性。结论 雷公藤甲素能通过抑制线粒体自噬、NLRP3炎症小体激活和细胞焦亡，抑制细胞炎症反应。

Objective To investigate the effects of triptolide on mitochondrial autophagy, NLRP3 inflammatome activation and pyroptosis of fibroblast synovial cells (FLSs) in rheumatoid arthritis. Methods FLSs cells and rheumatoid arthritis FLSs cells were cultured by passage. Rheumatoid arthritis FLSs cells were treated with 0, 10, 20, 40 ng/mL triptolide. The protein expressions of mitochondrial autophagy related proteins LC3B, p62, PHB2, and NLRP3 were detected by Western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Pyroptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and the expressions of pyroptosis related proteins GSDMD and GSDMD-N were detected by Western blotting. Results After treatment with 10, 20, 40 ng/mL triptolide, the expression of mitochondrial autophagy associated protein LC3B in FLSs cells of rheumatoid arthritis was significantly reduced in each dose group, and the expression of p62 and PHB2 was upregulated. Expression levels of NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18 were significantly decreased. Pyrodeath rate was significantly reduced. Expression of GSDMD protein was significantly increased, and the expression of GSDMD-N protein was decreased in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001). Conclusion Triptolide can inhibit cellular inflammation by inhibiting mitochondrial autophagy, activation of NLRP3 inflammatome and pyroptosis.

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