目的 探讨小儿清热利肺口服液联合头孢克肟颗粒治疗儿童急性支气管炎的临床效果。方法 选取2021年1月—2022年12月北京市通州区妇幼保健院收治的96例急性支气管炎患儿，根据随机数字表法将所有患儿分为对照组和治疗组，各48例。对照组温水冲服头孢克肟颗粒，2次/d，每次3.0 mg/kg，体质量≥30 kg患儿100 mg/次。治疗组在对照组基础上口服小儿清热利肺口服液，3次/d，1～2岁：5 mL/次，3～5岁：10 mL/次，6岁及以上：15 mL/次。两组患儿连续治疗7 d。比较两组的临床疗效、主要症状消退时间、呼吸功能、血清指标。结果 治疗后，治疗组的总有效率明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，治疗组发热、咳嗽、咯痰、肺啰音消退时间均明显短于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组的潮气量显著升高，呼吸比、呼吸频率显著降低（P＜0.05）；治疗组的潮气量高于对照组，呼吸比、呼吸频率低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组血清白细胞介素-2（IL-2）水平显著升高，血清C反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平显著降低（P＜0.05）；治疗组的血清IL-2水平高于对照组，血清CRP、TNF-α水平低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 小儿清热利肺口服液联合头孢克肟颗粒可提高儿童急性支气管炎的疗效，改善患儿症状，提高呼吸功能，减轻炎症反应。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Xiaoer Qingre Lifei Oral Liquid combined with Cefixime Granules in treatment of acute bronchitis in children. Methods Children (96 cases) with acute bronchitis in Beijing Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were divided into control and treatment groups according to random number table method, and each group had 48 cases. Children in the control group were po administered with Cefixime Granules, twice daily, each dose was 3.0 mg/kg, for children with body weight ≥ 30 kg with the dose 100 mg/time. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Xiaoer Qingre Lifei Oral Liquid on the basis of the control group, three times daily, 1 — 2 years old: 5 mL/time, 3 — 5 years old: 10 mL/time, 6 years old and above: 15 mL/time. Children in two groups were treated for 7 d. The clinical efficacies, resolution time of main symptoms, respiratory function, and the serum factors in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the total effective rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the regression time of fever, cough, phlegm, and pulmonary rales in the treatment group was significantly shorter than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the tidal volume in two groups was significantly increased, but the respiratory ratio and respiratory frequency in two groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the tidal volume in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group, but the respiratory ratio and respiratory frequency were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of IL-2 were significantly increased, but the serum levels of CRP and TNF-α were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). And the serum levels of IL-2 in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group, but the serum levels of CRP and TNF-α were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Xiaoer Qingre Lifei Oral Liquid combined with Cefixime Granules can improve the therapeutic effect of acute bronchitis in children, improve the efficiency of symptom improvement, improve respiratory function, and reduce the degree of inflammation.

R974；R985

北京市中医药科技发展资金项目（QN-2020-10）