目的 研究五子衍宗丸对环磷酰胺造成的骨髓抑制小鼠的骨髓造血干细胞向巨核系分化的影响。方法 通过对C57BL/6J小鼠ip环磷酰胺构建化疗引起的骨髓抑制模型。根据随机数字表法将小鼠分为对照组、模型组及五子衍宗丸4、8、16 g/kg组，每组10只。于首次注射环磷酰胺后即开始进行药物干预，对照组ig生理盐水；五子衍宗丸组分别ig 4、8、16 g/kg五子衍宗丸溶液，持续给药3周。实验第1、7、14、21天称体质量，眼眶取血，并吸取20 μL溶于血细胞检测仪用稀释液，全自动血细胞分析仪检测血细胞计数。股骨苏木精–伊红（HE）染色观察巨核细胞形态及数量，流式细胞法检测骨髓造血干、祖细胞数，并分选巨核细胞，测定巨核细胞多倍体情况。结果 五子衍宗丸能够明显提升化疗骨髓抑制小鼠的外周血小板数，剂量下相关性促进造血干细胞向巨核系逐步分化，促进巨核细胞多倍体形成（P＜0.05）。结论 五子衍宗丸可一定程度恢复环磷酰胺造成的骨髓巨核系损伤，促进骨髓造血系统向巨核系分化，提高内源性血小板的产生。

Objective To study the effect of Wuzi Yanzong Pills on the differentiation of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells to megakaryotic lineage in mice with myelosuppression caused by cyclophosphamide. Methods A model of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression was constructed by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide into C57BL/6J mice. According to random number table method, the mice were divided into control group, model group, and Wuzi Yanzong Pills 4, 8, 16 g/kg groups, with 10 mice in each group. Drug intervention was started after the first injection of cyclophosphamide, and the control group was given normal saline intragaically. Wuzi Yanzong Pills group was given 4, 8, 16 g/kg Wuzi Yanzong Pills solution intragastrically, and continued for 3 weeks. On day 1, 7, 14 and 21 of the experiment, body mass was measured, orbital blood was taken, and 20 μL was absorbed into diluent solution dissolved in blood cell detector, and blood cell count was detected by automatic blood cell analyzer. HE staining of femur was used to observe the morphology and quantity of megakaryocytes. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell count of bone marrow were detected by flow cytometry, and megakaryocytes were sorted to determine the polyploidy of megakaryocytes. Results Wuzi Yanzong Pills can significantly increase the number of peripheral blood plates in myelosuppressed mice, promote the gradual differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into megakaryocytes and promote the polyploid formation of megakaryocytes under dose correlation (P < 0.05). Conclusion Wuzi Yanzong Pills can restore the bone marrow megakaryotic lineage damage caused by cyclophosphamide to some extent, promote the differentiation of the bone marrow hematopoietic system toward the megakaryotic lineage, and increase the production of endogenous platelets.

R965

天津市卫生健康委员会天津市中医药管理局中医中西医结合科研课题（2021071，2021072）