目的 观察芩香清解口服液联合奥司他韦治疗甲型流感的临床疗效。方法 选取2020年3月—2022年2月中国中医科学院广安门医院收治的164例甲型流感患儿，按照随机数字表法将所有患者分为对照组和治疗组，每组各82例。对照组口服磷酸奥司他韦颗粒，每次用药剂量根据患儿体质量而定，体质量＜15 kg，30 mg/次；体质量15～23 kg，45 mg/次；体质量23～40 kg，60 mg/次；体质量＞40 kg，75 mg/次；2次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服芩香清解口服液，每次用量根据患儿年龄段而定，1～3岁，5 mL/次；3～7岁，10 mL/次；7～14岁，15 mL/次；3次/d。两组均连续治疗5 d。观察两组临床疗效、退热效果，咽痛、便秘的消失时间及病毒核酸转阴率。比较治疗前后两组外周血中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）和血清肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α、白细胞介素（IL）-8、C反应蛋白（CRP）水平。结果 治疗后，治疗组总有效率97.6%，显著高于对照组的89.0%（P＜0.05）。治疗后，治疗组退热起效时间和完全退热时间均较对照组显著缩短，即刻退热率68.3%较对照组52.4%显著提高（P＜0.05）。治疗后，治疗组咽痛、便秘的消失时间均显著短于对照组，病毒核酸转阴率92.7%显著高于对照组的81.7%（P＜0.05）。与治疗前相比，治疗后患者两组外周血NLR和血清TNF-α、IL-8、CRP水平均显著下降（P＜0.05）；且治疗后，治疗组外周血NLR和血清TNF-α、IL-8、CRP水平均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 芩香清解口服液联合奥司他韦治疗甲型流感具有显著的退热效果，能有效减轻患儿相关症状、控制病毒感染，并可进一步缓解机体炎症反应，且安全性好。

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Qinxiang Qingjie Oral Liquid combined with oseltamivir in treatment of influenza A in children. Methods A total of 164 children with influenza A treated in Guang’anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from March 2020 to February 2022 were selected. All patients were divided into control group and treatment group according to the random number table method, with 82 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were po administered with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules, each dose was determined according to the weight of the child, body weight < 15 kg, 30 mg/time. The body weight was 15-23 kg, 45 mg/time. The body weight was 23-40 kg, 60 mg/ time. Body weight > 40 kg, 75 mg/ time, twice daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Qinxiang Qingjie Oral Liquid on the basis of the control group, the dosage was determined according to the age of the child, 1 to 3 years old, 5 mL/time; 3 to 7 years old, 10 mL/time; 7 to 14 years old, 15 mL/time, three times daily. Both groups were treated for 5 d. The clinical efficacy, antipyretic effect, disappearance time of sore throat, constipation and negative rate of viral nucleic acid were observed in the two groups. The ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (NLR) in peripheral blood, the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α, interleukin (IL) -8 and C-reactive protein (CRP) in serum were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the treatment group was 97.6%, which was significantly higher than 89.0% of the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the antipyretic onset time and complete antipyretic time of the treatment group were significantly shorter than those of the control group, and the immediate antipyretic rate was 68.3%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group 52.4% (P < 0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of sore throat and constipation in the treatment group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, and the negative rate of viral nucleic acid was 92.7%, which was significantly higher than 81.7% in the control group (P < 0.05). Compared with before treatment, the levels of peripheral blood NLR and serum TNF-α, IL-8 and CRP in the two groups were significantly decreased after treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of peripheral blood NLR and serum TNF-α, IL-8 and CRP in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Qinxiang Qingjie Oral Liquid combined with oseltamivir has a significant antipyretic effect in treatment of influenza A, can effectively relieve the symptoms of patients, control the virus infection, and further relieve the body’s inflammatory response with good safety.

R974;R985