目的 分析北京市各医疗机构上报的奈达铂不良反应报告,探讨其发生的一般规律和特点,为临床合理、安全用药提供参考依据。方法 收集2017-2022年北京市各医疗机构上报的188例奈达铂不良反应报告,对不良反应类别、患者性别和年龄、原患疾病和过敏史、用药情况、发生时间、累及器官/系统及主要临床表现、临床转归等进行分析。结果 188例不良反应中,男性106例(56.38%),女性82例(43.62%);61~80岁患者不良反应发生率最高,为94例(50.00%);101例不良反应(53.72%)发生在24h内;不良反应累及器官/系统以全身反应最多(85例次,33.60%),其次为血液系统、消化系统、呼吸系统;不良反应痊愈和好转的有181例(96.28%)。结论 在应用奈达铂治疗前,应对肿瘤患者的基本情况和用药史等进行综合评估,制订合理用药方案,在给药过程中防范速发型不良反应的发生,完成治疗后要及时进行相关实验室检查,尽早发现和干预迟发型不良反应,从而优化合理用药,保障患者用药安全有效。

Objective To analyse the adverse reaction reports of nedaplatin reported by medical institutions in Beijing, and to discuss the general rules and characteristics of nedaplatin, so as to provide reference for clinical rational and safe drug use. Methods A total of 188 adverse reactions reports of nedaplatin reported by medical institutions in Beijing from 2017 to 2022 were collected, and patients’ adverse reactions category, gender, age, basic diseases and allergy history, drug administration, the occurrence time, involved organs/systems, main clinical manifestations, and clinical outcomes were analyzed statistically. Results Among the 188 adverse reactions, 106 cases were male patients (56.38%) and 82 cases were female patients (43.62%). The incidence of adverse reactions was more common in 61-80 years old patients (94 cases, 50.00%). 101 Cases (53.72%) occurred within 24 h, and the systemic reaction (85 cases, 33.60%) was the main organs/systems involved in adverse reactions, followed by the blood system, digestive system, and respiratory system. The outcomes of 181 cases (96.28%) were cured or improved. Conclusion The basic situation and medication history of tumor patients should be comprehensively evaluated before the use of nedaplatin. A reasonable medication plan should be formulated. The occurrence of acute adverse reactions should be prevented during the infusion process. The relevant laboratory examinations should be carried out timely after treatment. The occurrence of late adverse reactions should be detected and intervened as soon as possible, so as to optimize rational drug use and ensure drug safety of patients.

R979.1

北京市属医院科研培育计划(PZ2021025);北京大学肿瘤医院科研基金(2021-26,2022-25)