炎症反应通常是机体对病原微生物感染的自我保护和自我调节方式，而炎症小体在该过程中起到关键的调控作用，其对病原体或受损细胞的清除至关重要。黑色素瘤缺乏因子2（AIM2）炎症小体作为其中的调控蛋白之一，能够识别细胞损伤、病原微生物感染等引起DNA损伤的信号，在固有免疫应答中发挥着重要作用。AIM2炎症小体促进炎症因子IL-1β、IL-18的成熟、分泌，引起炎症反应。就AIM2炎症小体激活和调控机制的研究进展进行综述，以期为深入研究AIM2以及开发其抑制剂提供参考。

Inflammatory responses are self-protection and self-regulation of the organism against pathogenic microbial infections, and inflammasome plays a key regulatory role in this process and is essential for the clearance of pathogens or damaged cells. As one of the regulatory proteins, absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome plays a vital role in innate immune response by recognizing the signals of cell damage and pathogenic microbial infections that cause DNA damage. AIM2 inflammasome could promote the maturation and secretion of the inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18 to trigger an inflammatory response. The paper summarizes the activation and regulation of the signalling pathway of AIM2, which provides a reference for in-depth study of AIM2 and the development of its inhibitors.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82104012）；中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程重大协同创新项目（2021-I2M-1-042）