目的 探讨麻芩消咳颗粒联合哌拉西林舒巴坦钠治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的临床疗效。方法 选择2020年3月—2021年8月在天长市中医院呼吸内科诊疗的98例慢性支气管炎急性发作患者，根据随机数字法将所有患者分为对照组和治疗组，每组各49例。对照组患者静脉滴注注射用哌拉西林钠舒巴坦钠，5 g加入0.9%氯化钠注射液100 mL中，每8小时用药1次。治疗组在对照组基础上口服麻芩消咳颗粒，1袋/次，3次/d。两组连续用药7 d。观察两组的临床疗效及症状好转时间；比较两组圣乔治呼吸问卷（SGRQ）评分及血清白细胞介素6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、肺表面活性蛋白A（SP-A）及不良反应情况。结果 治疗后，治疗组总有效率是97.96%，显著高于对照组的81.63%（P＜0.05）。治疗后，治疗组出现喘息、咳嗽、胸闷、咳痰等症状好转时间均短于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组SGRQ评分均较治疗前显著降低（P＜0.05）；治疗后，治疗组SGRQ评分显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后，两组IL-6、TNF-α、CRP、SP-A水平均较治疗前显著降低（P＜0.05）；治疗后，治疗组血清炎症因子水平低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗组不良反应发生率是6.12%，显著低于对照组的16.33%（P＜0.05）。结论 麻芩消咳颗粒联合哌拉西林舒巴坦钠治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作疗效确切，能有效缩短症状改善时间，降低呼吸道的炎性反应，值得临床借鉴。

Objective To investigate the efficacy of Maqin Xiaoke Granules combined with piperacillin sodium and sulbactam sodium in treatment of acute attack of chronic bronchitis. Methods A total of 98 patients with acute attack of chronic bronchitis treated in respiratory medicine Department of Tianchang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2020 to August 2021 were selected. All patients were divided into control group and treatment group according to random number method, with 49 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were iv administered with Piperacillin Sodium and Sulbactam Sodium for injection, 5 g was added into 100 mL 0.9% sodium chloride injection, once every 8 h. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Maqin Xiaoke Granules on the basis of the control group, 1 bag/time, three times daily. Both groups were treated for 7 d. The clinical efficacy and symptom improvement time of the two groups were observed. And St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), lung surface active protein A (SP-A) and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of treatment group was 97.96%, significantly higher than that of control group 81.63% (P < 0.05). After treatment, the improvement time of symptoms such as wheezing, cough, chest tightness and expectoration in the treatment group was shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, SGRQ score in both groups was significantly lower than that before treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, SGRQ score in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, and SP-A in two groups were significantly decreased compared with before treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum inflammatory factors in the treatment group were lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in treatment group was 6.12%, significantly lower than 16.33% in control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Maqin Xiaoke Granules combined with piperacillin sodium and sulbactam sodium has curative effect in treatment of acute attack of chronic bronchitis, and can effectively shorten the symptom improvement time, reduce the inflammatory response of respiratory tract, which is worthy of clinical reference.

R974