青蒿素提取于传统中药黄花蒿,具有强大的抗疟作用。随着研究的深入,青蒿素及其衍生物还被发现对疱疹病毒科、黄病毒科和冠状病毒科等不同病毒科的多种病毒具有抗病毒作用,并可以抑制病毒诱导的炎症反应。青蒿素及其衍生物抗病毒的可能机制是烷基化宿主核因子κB(NF-κB)p65亚基的DNA结合域、抑制NF-κB p65的质核转运或产生活性氧或激活碳中心自由基调控宿主Keap1/Nrf2/ARE通路以抑制病毒复制,并通过抑制病毒诱导的NF-κB通路、ERK通路激活以减轻炎症反应。通过对青蒿素及其衍生物抗病毒可能的作用机制进行综述,以期为青蒿素抗新发病毒提供参考,促进老药新用。

Artemisinin, extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Artemisia annua Linn., has a powerful antimalarial effect. With further research, artemisinin and its derivatives have been found to have antiviral effects against a variety of viruses from different viral families, including Herpesviridae, Flaviridae, and Coronaviraceae, and can inhibit virus-induced inflammatory responses. The possible antiviral mechanisms include alkylation of DNA binding domain of NF-κB P65 subunit, inhibition of plasmidic nuclear transport of NF-κB p65, production of reactive oxygen species or activation of carbon center free radicals to regulate host Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway to inhibit viral replication. The inflammatory response was alleviated by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and ERK pathways induced by the virus. This paper reviews the possible antiviral mechanism of artemisinin and its derivatives to provide reference for artemisinin to fight new viruses and promote new use of old drugs.

R285.5

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82074311）；广州市科技计划项目（202102100003）；广州呼吸健康研究院-哈佛医学院联合科研专项项目（2020GIRHHMS18）；佛山市科技创新项目（2020001000206）