目的 对比胃、肠溶胶囊递送鼠李糖乳杆菌的效果。方法 通过单次ig给予鼠李糖乳杆菌胃溶胶囊和肠溶胶囊，观察鼠李糖乳杆菌在大鼠肠道中不同肠段处的分布，比较胃溶胶囊和肠溶胶囊递送鼠李糖乳杆菌至大鼠肠道的情况。给药后通过鼠李糖乳杆菌特异性引物进行RT-PCR检测乳杆菌浓度。结果 相比于空胶囊组，胃溶胶囊和肠溶胶囊组大鼠的小肠和结肠肠段内容物中鼠李糖乳杆菌的浓度均显著升高。肠溶胶囊组比胃溶胶囊组更能显著地提高小肠中鼠李糖乳杆菌浓度，肠溶胶囊组进入结肠需要的时间比胃溶胶囊组长，但后期其进入结肠后，也能显著提高结肠中鼠李糖乳杆菌浓度。结论 与胃溶胶囊相比，肠溶胶囊能够更好地保护鼠李糖乳杆菌到达肠道，且使用RT-PCR测定肠道中鼠李糖乳杆菌浓度的方法特异性强，实验结果较为可靠，可为临床应用提供有用的参考。

Objective The distribution of lactobacillus rhamnosus in different intestinal segments of rats was observed by single intragastric administration of lactobacillus rhamnosus in gastric capsule and enteric capsule, and the delivery of lactobacillus rhamnosus in intestinal tracts of rats was compared. Methods The distribution of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in different intestinal segments of rats was observed by single gavage of Lactobacillus rhamnosus gastric and enteric-soluble capsules, and the delivery of Lactobacillus rhamnosus to the intestine of rats was compared. After administration, lactobacillus concentration was detected by real-time PCR using specific primers of Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Results Compared with the empty capsule group, the concentrations of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the small intestine and colon of rats in gastric capsule and enteric-capsule groups were significantly increased. The enteric-capsule group could significantly increase the concentration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the small intestine than the stomach-capsule group, and the time of enteric-capsule group to enter the colon was longer than that of stomach-capsule group, but the enteric-capsule group could also significantly increase the concentration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the colon after its late entry into the colon. Conclusion Compared with stomach dissolved capsules, enteric dissolved capsules can better protect Lactobacillus rhamnosus to reach the intestinal tract, and real-time PCR method for the determination of Lactobacillus rhamnosus concentration is highly specific, the experimental results are more reliable, which can provide a useful reference for clinical application.

R944