目的 分析柳州市中医医院2010—2019年肺炎克雷伯菌耐药情况，并探讨肺炎克雷伯菌耐药率与抗菌药物使用量的相关性。方法 回顾性分析柳州市中医医院2010年1月—2019年12月收治的住院患者送检标本资料，统计肺炎克雷伯菌对不同抗菌药物的耐药率，采用Pearson分析法分析肺炎克雷伯菌耐药率与抗菌药物的使用量的相关性。结果 广西壮族自治区柳州市中医医院2010—2019年共分离出肺炎克雷伯菌8 082株，检出的肺炎克雷伯菌对各类抗菌药物的耐药率呈波动变化，未见明显的持续增长。抗菌药物使用中，β-内酰胺类占主导，每年使用量均占总使用量的50%以上，排名第2位的为喹诺酮类。相关性分析显示肺炎克雷伯菌对阿米卡星的耐药率与氨基糖苷类、阿米卡星使用量具有相关性（R=0.890，P=0.010；R=0.175，P=0.011）；对环丙沙星的耐药率与环丙沙星的使用量具有相关性（R=0.949，P=0.000）；对美罗培南的耐药率与美罗培南的使用量具有相关性（R=0.729，P=0.0.017）。结论 某些抗菌药物的使用与肺炎克雷伯菌的耐药率具有相关性，为减少细菌耐药，应继续加强抗菌药物监管，提高临床合理使用抗菌药物水平。

Objective To analyze the drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from 2010 to 2019, and to explore the correlation between the drug resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae and the use of antibiotics. Methods The data of inpatients in Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2010 to December 2019 were consulted, the drug resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to different antimicrobial agents was counted, and the correlation between drug resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae and the use of antimicrobial agents was analyzed. Results A total of 8 082 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from Liuzhou Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine from 2010 to 2019. The drug resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae detected to various antibiotics fluctuated, and there was no obvious continuous growth. In the use of antimicrobial agents in Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in 2010—2019, β-lactams dominated, and the annual usage accounted for more than 50% of the total dosage, ranking second in quinolones. The correlation analysis showed that the drug resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to amikacin was correlated with the use of aminoglycosides and amikacin (R=0.890, P=0.010, R=0.175, P=0.011). The drug resistance rate to ciprofloxacin was correlated with the use of ciprofloxacin (R=0.949, P=0.000). The drug resistance to meropenem was correlated with the use of meropenem (R=0.729, P=0.017).Conclusion The use of antimicrobial agents is correlated with the drug resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae. In order to reduce bacterial drug resistance, it is necessary to continue to strengthen the supervision of antimicrobial agents and improve the level of rational clinical use of antimicrobial agents.

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