褪黑素是存在于生物内的重要激素，具有抗氧化、改善睡眠、调节免疫等多种生理作用，作为保健食品原料用于改善睡眠。近年来有研究表明褪黑素有一定的降血糖作用，其机制可能与改善胰岛素抵抗、保护胰岛β细胞、调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴等作用有关。对褪黑素的降血糖作用及其机制研究进行综述，以期褪黑素及促进内源性褪黑素、受体激动相关的活性物质作为潜在的降血糖药物用于糖尿病患者提供参考。

Melatonin is an important hormone secreted by the human body. It has the functions of delaying aging, improving sleep, and regulating immunity, etc. As a raw material for health food, melatonin is used to improve sleep. In recent years, studies have found that melatonin has a certain hypoglycemic effect, and its mechanism may be related to improving insulin resistance, protecting pancreatic β-cells, and regulating the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. In this paper, the hypoglycemic effects and mechanisms of melatonin are reviewed in order to provide reference for potential hypoglycemic agents such as melatonin, active substances that promote endogenous melatonin and receptor activation.

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