目的 观察复方氢溴酸右美沙芬联合头孢羟氨苄治疗小儿支气管炎的临床效果。方法 选择2017年8月-2019年10月在洛阳市妇幼保健院治疗的小儿支气管炎患儿147例，随机分为对照组（74例）和治疗组（73例）。对照组口服头孢羟氨苄颗粒，每次15~20 mg/kg，2次/d；治疗组在对照组的基础上口服复方氢溴酸右美沙芬糖浆，2~3岁3 mL/次，4~6岁4 mL/次，6~9岁5 mL/次，3次/d。两组患儿均连续治疗7 d。观察两组患者临床疗效，同时比较治疗前后两组患者炎性因子半胱氨酰白三烯（CysLTs）、呼出气一氧化氮（FeNO）和嗜酸性细胞阳离子（ECP）水平，及临床症状消失时间。结果 治疗后，对照组临床有效率为78.38%，显著低于治疗组的94.52%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组CysLTs、FeNO和ECP水平均显著降低（P<0.05），且治疗组明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组临床症状消失时间明显比对照组短（P<0.05）。结论 复方氢溴酸右美沙芬联合头孢羟氨苄治疗小儿支气管炎，可快速改善患儿临床症状，缓解机体炎症反应，临床疗效较好。

Objective To observe the clinical effect of compound dextromethorphan hydrobromide combined with cefadroxil in treatment of bronchitis in children. Methods Children (147 cases) with bronchitis in Luoyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from August 2017 to October 2019 were randomly divided into control (74 cases) and treatment (73 cases) groups. Children in the control group were po administered with Cefadroxil Granules, once 15-20 mg/kg, twice daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Syrup on the basis of the control group, 3 mL/time for 2-3 years old, 4 mL/time for 4-6 years old, 5 mL/time for 6-9 years old, three times daily. Children in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, the inflammatory factors level of CysLTs, FeNO and ECP, and the disappearance time of clinical symptoms in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group was 78.38%, which was significantly lower than 94.52% in the treatment group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the inflammatory factors level of CysLTs, FeNO and ECP in two groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and which in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of clinical symptoms in the treatment group was significantly earlier than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Compound dextromethorphan hydrobromide combined with cefadroxil in treatment of bronchitis in children can quickly improve the clinical symptoms, relieve the inflammatory reaction, and has good clinical effect.

R974

国家卫生计生委医药卫生科技发展研究中心资助项目（W2015EAE046）