目的 探究炎琥宁注射液联合阿昔洛韦治疗小儿麻疹的临床疗效。方法 选择2015年1月—2018年1月北京怀柔医院收治的麻疹患儿156例，随机分为对照组和治疗组，每组各78例。对照组静脉滴注阿昔洛韦注射液，5 mg/kg加入生理盐水100～250 mL，3次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上静脉滴注炎琥宁注射液，8～10 mg/(kg·d)加入5%～10%葡萄糖注射液100～150 mL，1次/d。两组患者连续治疗7 d。观察两组患者临床疗效，同时比较治疗前后两组患者症状改善时间、并发症情况及白细胞介素-4（IL-4）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素-2受体（SIL-2R）和干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）水平。结果 治疗后，对照组总有效率为76.92%，显著低于治疗组的93.59%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组患儿退热时间，皮疹、咳嗽和腹泻消退时间均明显早于对照组患儿（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组患儿并发症发生率为16.67%，明显低于对照组35.89%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组IL-4、TNF-α、CRP、SIL-2R显著降低，而IFN-γ显著升高，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组患儿IL-4、TNF-α、CRP、SIL-2R均显著低于对照组，IFN-γ显著高于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 炎琥宁注射液联合阿昔洛韦治疗小儿麻疹具有良好临床疗效，可明显缓解临床症状，降低并发症发生率。

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Yanhuning Injection combined with acyclovir in treatment of pediatric measles. Methods Children (156 cases) with measles in Beijing Huairou Hospital from January 2015 to January 2018 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 78 cases. Children in the control group were iv administered with Aciclovir Injection, 5 mg/kg added into normal saline 100-250 mL, three times daily. Children in the treatment group were iv administered with Potassium Sodium Dehydroandrographolide Succinate Injection on the basis of the control group, 8-10 mg/(kg·d) added into 5%-10% glucose injection 100-150 mL, once daily. Children in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the improvement time of symptoms, the complications, the IL-4, TNF-α, CRP, SIL-2R, and IFN-γ levels in two groups before and after treatment were compared.Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group was 76.92%, which was significantly lower than 93.59% in the treatment group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the antipyretic time, the disappearance time of erythra, cough and diarrhoea in the treatment group was significantly earlier than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the incidence of complications in the treatment group was 16.67%, which was significantly lower than 35.89% in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the IL-4, TNF-α, CRP, and SIL-2R levels in two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), but IFN-γ was significantly increased (P<0.05), and there were differences in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-4, TNF-α, CRP, and SIL-2R in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, but IFN-γ level was significantly higher than that in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Potassium Sodium Dehydroandrographolide Succinate Injection combined with acyclovir has a good clinical effect on pediatric measles, can relieve clinical symptoms and reduce the incidence of complications.