目的 探讨止咳平喘糖浆联合布地奈德治疗小儿支气管肺炎的临床效果。方法 选取2017年2月-2019年3月淮安市妇幼保健院收治的62例支气管肺炎患儿，随机分为对照组和治疗组，每组各31例。对照组雾化吸入吸入用布地奈德混悬液，1~6岁者，0.5 mg/次，2次/d；7~12岁者，1.0 mg/次，2次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服止咳平喘糖浆，1~3岁者，5 mL/次，3次/d；4~6岁者，7.5 mL/次，3次/d；7~12岁者，10 mL/次，3次/d。两组均连续治疗10 d。观察两组的临床疗效及主要症状、体征的缓解时间，比较两组治疗前后肺功能指标、血清学指标的变化情况。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别是74.2%、93.5%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗组患儿退热时间、咳嗽消失时间、气喘消失时间、肺部啰音消失时间均显著短于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组治疗后潮气量（V_T/kg）、吸/呼比（Ti/Te）及达峰时间比（TPTEF/TE）均显著增高，而呼吸频率（RR）均显著降低，同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组V_T/kg、Ti/Te及TPTEF/TE值高于对照组，而RR值显著低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组血清白介素（IL）-6、IL-8、C反应蛋白（CRP）水平均显著低于治疗前，同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组以上血清学指标较对照组同期均显著更低，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 止咳平喘糖浆联合布地奈德治疗小儿支气管肺炎的整体疗效确切，能迅速缓解患儿相关症状及体征，促进其肺功能的恢复，消除机体炎症，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Zhike Pingchuan Syrup combined with budesonide in treatment of children with bronchopneumonia. Methods 62 Children with bronchopneumonia admitted to Huai'an Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from February 2017 to March 2019 were randomly divided into control group (n=31) and treatment group (n=31). Patients in the treatment group were atomization inhalation administered with Budesonide Suspension for Inhalation, 1-6 years old, 0.5 mg/time, twice daily; 7-12 years old, 1.0 mg/time, twice daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Zhike Pingchuan Syrup, 1-3 years old, 5 mL/time, 3 times daily; 4-6 years old, 7.5 mL/time, 3 times daily; 7-12 years old, 10 mL/time, 3 times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 10 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy and the remission time of main symptoms and signs was evaluated, and the changes of lung function indexes and serological indexes in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control and treatment groups were 74.2% and 93.5%, respectively, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, antipyretic time, cough extinction time, asthma extinction time and lung ralogue extinction time in the treatment group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, V_T/kg, Ti/Te, and TPTEF/TE in two groups were significantly increased, but RR was significantly decreased, and there were differences in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, V_T/kg, Ti/Te, and TPTEF/TE in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group, but RR was lower than that in the control group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, IL-6, IL-8, and CRP in two groups were significantly decreased, and there were differences in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serological indexes in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Zhike Pingchuan Syrup combined with budesonide has overall efficacy in treatment of children with bronchopneumonia, and can quickly relieve related symptoms and signs of children, and can promote the recovery of lung function, and eliminate inflammation in the body, which has a certain clinical application value.