目的 研究小儿肺咳颗粒联合吸入用布地奈德混悬液治疗急性支气管炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2017年8月-2018年8月青海省妇女儿童医院收治的100例急性支气管炎患儿为研究对象，将所有患儿随机分为对照组和治疗组，每组各50例。对照组患儿雾化吸入吸入用布地奈德混悬液，0.5 mg溶于生理盐水3 mL中，10 min/次，1次/d；治疗组在对照组基础上口服小儿肺咳颗粒，1岁以下：2 g/次；1岁~4岁：3 g/次；5~10岁：6 g/次，3次/d。两组患儿持续治疗7 d。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组临床症状缓解时间、肺功能指标、炎性因子水平。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为84.00%、94.00%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组咳嗽消失时间、咳痰消失时间、痰鸣音消失时间、肺部啰音消失时间均明显短于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、最大呼气流速（PEF）和FEV1/用力肺活量（FVC）均显著升高，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组患者肺功能指标明显高于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者C反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）水平均显著降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组患者炎性因子水平明显低于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 小儿肺咳颗粒联合吸入用布地奈德混悬液治疗急性支气管炎具有较好的治疗效果，可改善患儿肺功能，调节血清炎性因子水平，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To study the curative effect of Xiaoer Feike Granules combined with Budesonide Suspension for inhalation in treatment of acute bronchitis in children. Methods Children (100 cases) with acute bronchitis in Qinghai Women and Children Hospital from August 2017 to August 2018 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 50 cases. Patients in the control group were atomization inhalation administered with Budesonide Suspension for inhalation, 0.5 mg added into normal saline 3 mL, 10 min/time, once daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Xiaoer Feike Granules on the basis of the control group, under 1 year old:2 g/time, 1-4 years old:3 g/time, 5-10 years old:6 g/time, three times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 7 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and clinical symptom relief time, pulmonary function indexes, and inflammatory factor levels in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 84.00% and 94.00%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the disappearance time of cough, expectoration, phlegm sounds, and lung rales in the treatment group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC in two groups were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the pulmonary function indexes in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CRP, TNF-α, and IL-8 in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the inflammatory factor levels in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Xiaoer Feike Granules combined with Budesonide Suspension for inhalation has clinical curative effect in treatment of acute bronchitis in children, can improve the lung function, and regulate the level of serum inflammatory factors, which has a certain clinical application value.