目的 探讨少腹逐瘀胶囊联合氨曲南治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2016年10月-2017年10月在琼中黎族苗族自治县中医院进行诊治的146例慢性盆腔炎患者，随机分为对照组和治疗组，每组各73例。对照组静脉滴注注射用氨曲南，2.0 g与0.9%氯化钠注射液配伍，2次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗基础上口服少腹逐瘀胶囊，3粒/次，3次/d。两组均连续治疗14 d。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组临床症状消失时间、盆腔炎性包块直径、盆腔积液、血清细胞因子的情况。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为80.82%、97.26%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组下腹腰骶疼痛消失时间、白带增多消失时间、退热时间、盆腔肿块消失时间均显著短于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者盆腔炎性包块直径、盆腔积液量、血清白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平均显著降低，但转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）、白细胞介素-4（IL-4）水平均显著增高，同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组盆腔炎性包块直径、盆腔积液量、IL-1β、TNF-α水平显著低于对照组，TGF-β1、IL-4水平高于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 少腹逐瘀胶囊联合氨曲南治疗慢性盆腔炎具有较好的临床疗效，可有效改善患者临床症状，降低机体炎症反应，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Shaofu Zhuyu Capsules combined with aztreonam in treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation. Methods Patients (146 cases) with chronic pelvic inflammation in Qiongzhong Li Miao Autonomous County Hospital from October 2016 to October 2017 were randomly divided into control (73 cases) and treatment (73 cases) groups. Patients in the control group were iv administered with Aztreonam for Injection, 2.0 g added into normal saline, twice daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Shaofu Zhuyu Capsules on the basis of the control group, 3 grains/time, three times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 14 d. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the clinical symptom disappearance time, pelvic inflammatory mass diameter, pelvic effusion, and serum cytokines were compared between the two groups. Results After the treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group were 80.82% and 97.26%, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the pain disappeared time of the lower lumbosacral region, disappeared time of the leucorrhea increased, defervescence time, and the disappeared time of pelvic mass were significantly shorter than those in the control group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the pelvic inflammatory mass diameter, pelvic effusion volume, serum IL-1β, TNF-α were significantly decreased, but TGF-β1 and IL-4 were significantly increased, and there were differences in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, the pelvic inflammatory mass diameter, pelvic effusion volume, serum IL-1β, TNF-α in the treatment group were lower than those in the control, but TGF-β1 and IL-4 were higher than those in the control group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Shaofu Zhuyu Capsule combined with aztreonam has significant clinical effect in treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation, and can effectively improve clinical symptoms, and reduce the inflammatory reaction, which has a certain clinical application value.